NOAA Coral Reef Watch NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service
20060401
Current satellite coral bleaching thermal stress monitoring global 50km HDF data file produced operationally in near-real-time by NOAA Coral Reef Watch
One
remote sensing image and gridded data
Suitland, Maryland, USA
NOAA Coral Reef Watch
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/hdf/index.html
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/hdf/
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/hdf/data/current/current_all.hdf
This file contains a suite of NOAA Coral Reef Watch (CRW)'s most recent operational
global satellite coral bleaching thermal stress monitoring raw data at 50km
resolution produced twice-weekly in near-real-time. This HDF raw data file
contains sea surface temperature (SST), SST anomaly, HotSpot, and Degree Heating
Weeks (DHW) data. Satellite data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
(AVHRR) on NOAA's Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite (POES) are used to generate
AVHRR-SST. The most recent AVHRR data obtained from the POES that is presently
in operational mode are processed to generate the near-real-time SSTs. The SST anomaly
is the difference of SST compared to daily SST climatology. The coral bleaching
HotSpot is a special type of sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly and shows the
difference of SST compared to a coral bleaching SST threshold climatology. Only the
positive anomalies (potential thermal stress inducing coral bleaching) are highlighted.
DHW is the accumulation of Coral Bleaching HotSpots over a period of 12 consecutive
weeks. The DHW value at any particular location at any particular time is the
summation of the product of HotSpot values which are at least 1 deg C above the
bleaching threshold SST and their durations in weeks (in minimum 0.5 week for our
twice-weekly DHW) over the most recent 12-week period. One DHW is equivalent to 1
week of SST at 1 deg C above the threshold or 0.5 week of SST at 2 deg C above the
threshold, etc. This data file is in Hierarchical Data Format Release 4 (HDF4) that
is a commonly used data format. The data file are produced twice-weekly on every
Tuesday (using AVHRR data from the previous Saturday through Monday) and on every
Saturday (using AVHRR data from the previous Tuesday through Friday).
The twice-weekly near-real-time global 50km satellite coral bleaching thermal stress
monitoring products were primarily developed for NOAA's Coral Reef Watch (CRW)
for both monitoring and assessment of coral bleaching.
The SST chart created from this SST data is accessible at
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/key_sst_50km_field.html
The SST anomaly chart created from this SST anomaly data is accessible at
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/climo.html
The coral bleaching HotSpot chart created from this HotSpot data is accessible at
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html
The coral bleaching Degree Heating Weeks chart created from this Degree Heating
Weeks data is accessible at
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_retro.html
20010101
present
ground condition
none planned
-180.0
179.5
85.0
-80.0
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Sea Surface Temperature > AVHRR
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Water Temperature > Anomaly
EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases > Bleaching > Bleaching HotSpot
EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases > Bleaching > Degree Heating Week (DHW)
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs
EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment
EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Remote Sensing > Satellite (digital scans) > AVHRR
CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
Numeric Data Sets > Oceanography
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
014
none
NOAA
CoRIS
Coral Reef Watch
POES
Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite
data
oceanography
physical oceanography
biological oceanography
marine ecosystem
SST anomaly
sea surface temperature anomaly
HotSpot accumulation
accumulation
SST
sea surface
stress
thermal stress
temperature anomaly
coral bleaching HotSpot
monitoring
assessment
remote sensing
satellite
AVHRR
sea surface temperature
temperature
temperature anomaly
HotSpot
Degree Heating Week
DHW
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean
OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean
OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Marshall Islands > Marshall Islands > Marshall Islands (09N168E0000)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Marshall Islands > Marshall Islands (09N168E0000)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Micronesia > Micronesia (07N150E0000)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Carolines > Micronesia (07N150E0000)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Mariana Archipelago > Northern Mariana Islands ( CNMI ) (18N146E0000)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Palau > Palau > Palau ( Belau ) (07N134E0000)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Carolines > Palau ( Belau ) (07N134E0000)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Guam > Guam (13N144E0000)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Wake Atoll > Wake Atoll (19N167E0001)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > American Samoa > American Samoa (14S170W0000)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu (28N178W0000)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (28N178W0000)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Navassa Island > Navassa Island > Navassa Island (18N075W0001)
OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Navassa Island > Navassa Island > Navassa Island (18N075W0001)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Puerto Rico > Puerto Rico (18N066W0000)
OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea /North Atlantic Ocean > Puerto Rico > Puerto Rico (18N066W0000)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Texas > East Flower Garden Banks (27N093W0001)
OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Gulf of Mexico > Flower Garden Banks > East Flower Garden Banks (27N093W0001)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > U. S. Virgin Islands > U. S. Virgin Islands > U. S. Virgin Islands (17N064W0000)
OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Caribbean Sea > Virgin Islands > Lesser Antilles > U. S. Virgin Islands (17N064W0000)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Baker Island (00N176W0001)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Baker Island > Baker Island (00N176W0001)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Howland Island (00S176W0001)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Howland Island > Howland Island (00S176W0001)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Jarvis Island (00S160W0001)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Johnston Atoll > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Kingman Reef (06N162W0001)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001)
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Texas > West Flower Garden Banks (27N093W0002)
OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Gulf of Mexico > Flower Garden Banks > West Flower Garden Banks (27N093W0002)
OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > North Atlantic Ocean > Florida
OCEAN BASIN > Atlantic Ocean > Gulf of Mexico > Florida
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Florida
none
globe
ocean
global oceans
none
real time
near real time
present
current
none
Not intended for legal use. Data may contain inaccuracies due to clouded or mixed pixels.
NOAA Coral Reef Watch
C. Mark Eakin, Coordinator, NOAA Coral Reef Watch
mailing and physical address
NOAA E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308, 1335 East West Hwy
Silver Spring
Maryland
20910-3226
USA
301-713-2857 x 109
301-713-3136
coralreefwatch@noaa.gov, mark.eakin@noaa.gov
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/key_sst_50km_field.html
The browse images on these web pages are the graphic display of the data described in this metadata.
GIF
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/climo.html
The browse images on these web pages are the graphic display of the data described in this metadata.
GIF
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/climohot.html
The browse images on these web pages are the graphic display of the data described in this metadata.
GIF
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/dhw_retro.html
The browse images on these web pages are the graphic display of the data described in this metadata.
GIF
Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite (POES) AVHRR-SST values are accurate
to within 0.5 degrees C and adjusted by in-situ information (buoys) to
best-approximate SST at a depth of 1 meter. However, to provide a complete
global coverage, estimation of SSTs at all pixels that are cloud
covered may occasionally reduce the accuracy of SST at these pixels.
The accuracy of the Degree Heating Weeks depends on the accuracy of Coral
Bleaching HotSpots. No estimation on the HotSpots and SST anomalies has
been done and only preliminary estimates exist for using DHWs to assess
coral bleaching and mortality although they have demonstrated remarkable
preliminary success in denoting most bleaching events.
none
Selected references:
1) The information for the AVHRR-derived sea surface temperature is described
in the following guide.
Goodrum G., K. B. Kidwell, and W. Winston, 2000, NOAA KLM USER'S GUIDE. U.S.
Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, National
Climatic Data Center, Climate Services Division, Satellite Services
Branch, FOB3, Room G227, E/CC33, 5200 Auth Road, Suitland, MD 20746-4304,
USA. This manual is available on line at
http://www2.ncdc.noaa.gov/docs/klm/cover.htm. To request additional
information contact: Telephone: (828) 271-4850, Telefax: (828) 271-4876,
Email: satorder@ncdc.noaa.gov.
2) Strong, A. E., C. S. Barrientos, C. Duda, and J. Sapper, 1997: Improved
Satellite Technique for Monitoring Coral Reef Bleaching. Proc 8th International
Coral Reef Symposium 2:1495-1498. Available also online at URL
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/icrs_dud.html.
3) "New AVHRR Product -- Coral Reef Hotspots" by A. E. Strong and C. Duda,
available at the URL http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/ashe_ab.html
4) Liu, G., W. Skirving, and A.E. Strong. 2003. Remote sensing of sea surface
temperatures during 2002 Barrier Reef coral bleaching. EOS, 84(15), 137-144.
5) Skirving, W.J., A.E. Strong, G. Liu, C. Liu, F. Arzayus, J. Sapper and E.
Bayler, Extreme events and perturbations of coastal ecosystems: Sea surface
temperature change and coral bleaching. Chapter 2 in Remote Sensing of Aquatic
Coastal Ecosystem Processes, L.L. Richardson and E.F. LeDrew (Co-Eds), Kluwer
publishers, January, 2006.
Users are referred to the
following guide on AVHRR-derived sea surface temperature.
Goodrum G., K. B. Kidwell, and W. Winston, 2000, NOAA KLM USER'S GUIDE.
U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information
Service, National Climatic Data Center, Climate Services Division,
Satellite Services Branch, FOB3, Room G227, E/CC33, 5200 Auth Road,
Suitland, MD 20746-4304, USA. This manual is available on line at
http://www2.ncdc.noaa.gov/docs/klm/cover.htm. To request additional
information contact: Telephone: (828) 271-4850, Telefax:
(828) 271-4876, Email: satorder@ncdc.noaa.gov.
none
NOAA Coral Reef Watch, NOAA/NESDIS
20000101
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Operational Twice-Weekly Near-Real-Time Global
50km Satellite Coral Bleaching Degree Heating Weeks
one
data file
Suitland, Maryland, USA
NOAA Coral Reef Watch
data file
20000101
present
ground condition
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Near-Real-Time Global Satellite Coral Bleaching Degree Heating Weeks
A copy of the source data is contained in this data file.
NOAA Coral Reef Watch, NOAA/NESDIS
19970101
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Operational Twice-Weekly Near-Real-Time Global 50km Satellite Coral Bleaching HotSpots
one
data file
Suitland, Maryland, USA
NOAA Coral Reef Watch
data file
19970101
present
ground condition
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Near-Real-Time Global Satellite Coral Bleaching HotSpots
A copy of the source data is contained in this data file.
NOAA Coral Reef Watch, NOAA/NESDIS
19970101
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Operational Twice-Weekly Near-Real-Time Global
50km Satellite Nighttime AVHRR Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies
one
data file
Suitland, Maryland, USA
NOAA Coral Reef Watch
data file
20010101
present
ground condition
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Near-Real-Time Global Satellite Nighttime SST Anomalies
A copy of the source data is contained in this data file.
NOAA Coral Reef Watch
NOAA/NESDIS
19970101
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Operational Twice-Weekly Near-Real-Time Global Satellite Nighttime
AVHRR Sea Surface Temperatures
one
data file
Suitland, Maryland, USA
NOAA Coral Reef Watch
data file
19970101
present
ground condition
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Near-Real-Time Global Satellite Nighttime AVHRR SSTs
A copy of the source data is contained in this data file.
At each pixel, climatological sea surface temperature value
is subtracted from AVHRR sea surface temperature value to produce sea surface
temperature anomaly. Coral bleaching sea surface temperature threshold
climatological value is subtracted from AVHRR sea surface temperature value to
produce coral bleaching HotSpot value. Degree Heating Weeks are calculated as
the accumulation of coral bleaching HotSpots over the most recent 12 weeks.
The global satellite sea surface temperature, sea surface temperature anomaly,
coral bleaching HotSpots, and coral bleaching Degree Heating Weeks are then
stored in HDF format. Some references are listed below.
1) The information for the AVHRR-derived sea surface temperature is described
in the following guide.
Goodrum G., K. B. Kidwell, and W. Winston, 2000, NOAA KLM USER'S GUIDE. U.S.
Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, National
Climatic Data Center, Climate Services Division, Satellite Services
Branch, FOB3, Room G227, E/CC33, 5200 Auth Road, Suitland, MD 20746-4304,
USA. This manual is available on line at
http://www2.ncdc.noaa.gov/docs/klm/cover.htm. To request additional
information contact: Telephone: (828) 271-4850, Telefax: (828) 271-4876,
Email: satorder@ncdc.noaa.gov.
2) Strong, A. E., C. S. Barrientos, C. Duda, and J. Sapper, 1997: Improved
Satellite Technique for Monitoring Coral Reef Bleaching. Proc 8th International
Coral Reef Symposium 2:1495-1498. Available also online at URL
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/icrs_dud.html.
3) "New AVHRR Product -- Coral Reef Hotspots" by A. E. Strong and C. Duda,
available at the URL http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/ashe_ab.html
4) Liu, G., W. Skirving, and A.E. Strong. 2003. Remote sensing of sea surface
temperatures during 2002 Barrier Reef coral bleaching. EOS, 84(15), 137-144.
5) Skirving, W.J., A.E. Strong, G. Liu, C. Liu, F. Arzayus, J. Sapper and E.
Bayler, Extreme events and perturbations of coastal ecosystems: Sea surface
temperature change and coral bleaching. Chapter 2 in Remote Sensing of Aquatic
Coastal Ecosystem Processes, L.L. Richardson and E.F. LeDrew (Co-Eds), Kluwer
publishers, January, 2006.
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Near-Real-Time Global Satellite Coral Bleaching Degree Heating Weeks
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Near-Real-Time Global Satellite Coral Bleaching HotSpots
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Near-Real-Time Global Satellite Nighttime AVHRR SSTs
NOAA Coral Reef Watch Near-Real-Time Global Satellite Nighttime SST anomalies
20010101
NOAA Coral Reef Watch
C. Mark Eakin, Coordinator, NOAA Coral Reef Watch
mailing and physical address
NOAA E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308, 1335 East West Hwy
Silver Spring
Maryland
20910-3226
USA
301-713-2857 x 109
301-713-3136
coralreefwatch@noaa.gov, mark.eakin@noaa.gov
Raster
Grid Cell
331
720
0.5
0.5
Decimal Degrees
Degree Heating Weeks grid cell
16-bit integer data elements in the coral bleaching Degree Heating Weeks data
self-evident
coral bleaching Degree Heating Weeks grid cell value
The coral bleaching Degree Heating Weeks in the location indicated
by the pixel. In the Degree Heating Weeks data file, the units are in 100x degree Celsius-
weeks and the values are stored as integer.
Selected reference:
1) The information for the AVHRR-derived sea surface temperature is described
in the following guide.
Goodrum G., K. B. Kidwell, and W. Winston, 2000, NOAA KLM USER'S GUIDE. U.S.
Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, National
Climatic Data Center, Climate Services Division, Satellite Services
Branch, FOB3, Room G227, E/CC33, 5200 Auth Road, Suitland, MD 20746-4304,
USA. This manual is available on line at
http://www2.ncdc.noaa.gov/docs/klm/cover.htm. To request additional
information contact: Telephone: (828) 271-4850, Telefax: (828) 271-4876,
Email: satorder@ncdc.noaa.gov.
2) Strong, A. E., C. S. Barrientos, C. Duda, and J. Sapper, 1997: Improved
Satellite Technique for Monitoring Coral Reef Bleaching. Proc 8th International
Coral Reef Symposium 2:1495-1498. Available also online at URL
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/icrs_dud.html.
3) "New AVHRR Product -- Coral Reef Hotspots" by A. E. Strong and C. Duda,
available at the URL http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/PSB/EPS/SST/ashe_ab.html
4) Liu, G., W. Skirving, and A.E. Strong. 2003. Remote sensing of sea surface
temperatures during 2002 Barrier Reef coral bleaching. EOS, 84(15), 137-144.
5) Skirving, W.J., A.E. Strong, G. Liu, C. Liu, F. Arzayus, J. Sapper and E.
Bayler, Extreme events and perturbations of coastal ecosystems: Sea surface
temperature change and coral bleaching. Chapter 2 in Remote Sensing of Aquatic
Coastal Ecosystem Processes, L.L. Richardson and E.F. LeDrew (Co-Eds), Kluwer
publishers, January, 2006.
0
10000
NOAA Coral Reef Watch
C. Mark Eakin, Coordinator, NOAA Coral Reef Watch
mailing and physical address
NOAA E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308, 1335 East West Hwy
Silver Spring
Maryland
20910-3226
USA
301-713-2857 x 109
301-713-3136
coralreefwatch@noaa.gov, mark.eakin@noaa.gov
NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does
the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA cannot assume
liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data,
nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.
HDF4 format
Sea surface temperature, sea surface temperature anomaly, bleaching HotSpots,
and Degree Heating Weeks as remote sensing images and gridded data
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/hdf/
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/hdf/data/current/current_all.hdf
See web site http://hdf.ncsa.uiuc.edu/hdf4.html
CD-ROM
none
HDF4 is commonly recognized data format. See web site http://hdf.ncsa.uiuc.edu/hdf4.html
none
The product in HDF4 format may be downloaded from the Web, ftp, and OPeNDAP site or
obtained from the distributor.
20081023
20081023
NOAA Coral Reef Watch
C. Mark Eakin, Coordinator, NOAA Coral Reef Watch
mailing and physical address
NOAA E/RA31, SSMC1, Room 5308, 1335 East West Hwy
Silver Spring
Maryland
20910-3226
USA
301-713-2857 x 109
301-713-3136
coralreefwatch@noaa.gov, mark.eakin@noaa.gov
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998