CRED Rapid Ecological Assessment Belt Surveys of Coral Population and Disease Assessment at Agrihan, Marianas in 2011
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Metadata:
- Identification_Information:
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- Citation:
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- Citation_Information:
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- Originator:
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Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- Publication_Date: 20110628
- Title:
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CRED Rapid Ecological Assessment Belt Surveys of Coral Population
and Disease Assessment at Agrihan, Marianas in 2011
- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: spreadsheet
- Online_Linkage:
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https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/ecosystems/coral-reefs-pacific
- Description:
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- Abstract:
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To support a long-term NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program
(CRCP) for sustainable management and conservation of coral reef
ecosystems, from 20110407 to 20110509, belt transect surveys of
coral population and diseases quantitative assessments were
conducted, as a part of Rapid Ecological Assessments (REA),
during the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP)
cruise HA1101 in Marianas at biennial intervals by the Coral
Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) at the NOAA Pacific Islands
Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC). During the cruise, there were
6 surveys in total conducted at REA sites around Agrihan. At the
specific REA sites, coral biologists along with algal biologists
and marine invertebrate zoologist entered the water and
conducted a fine-scale (approximately 300 m^2) and high degree
of taxonomic resolution REA survey to assess and monitor species
composition, abundance, percent cover, size distribution,
diversity, and general health of corals, macro-invertebrates,
and algae in shallow-water (less than 35 m) habitats. As a part
of REA surveys, the coral belt surveys were focused on
quantifying the diversity, abundance, density, and size-class
distribution of the anthozoan and hydrozoan corals as well as
the condition and health state of the coral reef populations.
The surveys were conducted along two consecutively-placed, 25 m
transect lines. The belt width was 1 m wide, 0.5 m on each side
of the transect line. Within each 25 m transect, five 2.5 m
segments were surveyed (beginning at points: 0, 5, 10, 15, and
20 meters), whereby in each segment, all coral colonies whose
center fell within 0.5 m of either side of the transect line
were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible (genus or
species) and two planar size metrics were collected: maximum
diameter and diameter perpendicular to the maximum diameter. In
addition, the extent of mortality, both recent and old, was
estimated for each colony. Observers paid special attention to
identifying as best as possible the extent of the former live
colony. When a coral colony exhibited signs of disease or
compromised health, additional information was recorded
including type of affliction (bleaching, skeletal growth
anomaly, white syndrome, tissue loss other than white syndrome,
trematodiasis, necrosis, other, pigmentation responses, algal
overgrowth, and predation), severity of the affliction (mild,
moderate, marked, severe, acute), as well as photographic
documentation and occasional tissue samples. Tissue samples were
cataloged and fixed in buffered zinc-formalin solution for
further histopathological analyses. Raw survey data included
species presence and relative abundance, colony counts per
taxon, size (width and length), mortality, predation, and health
status. A surveyed area was ranging from 10 m^2 to 25 m^2 per
site.
- Purpose:
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Part of a long-term monitoring program at biennial intervals
which documents the state of the reefs.
- Supplemental_Information:
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Maximum depth was 45 meters. Coral genera observed:
Acanthastrea, Acropora, Astreopora, Cladiella, Coscinaraea,
Cycloseris, Cyphastrea, Echinopora, Favia, Favites, Galaxea,
Gardineroseris, Goniastrea, Goniopora, Goniopora/Alveopora,
Heliopora, Hydnophora, Isopora, Leptastrea, Leptoria,
Lobophytum, Millepora, Montastrea, Montipora, Oulophyllia,
Palythoa, Pavona, Platygyra, Plesiastrea, Pocillopora, Porites,
Psammocora, Sarcophyton, Scolymia, Sinularia, Stylocoeniella,
Stylophora, Turbinaria
- Time_Period_of_Content:
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- Time_Period_Information:
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- Range_of_Dates/Times:
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- Beginning_Date: 20110421
- Ending_Date: 20110422
- Currentness_Reference: Ground Condition
- Status:
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- Progress: Complete
- Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: asNeeded
- Spatial_Domain:
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- Bounding_Coordinates:
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- West_Bounding_Coordinate: 145.63471927
- East_Bounding_Coordinate: 145.70238051
- North_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.81122164
- South_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.72453047
- Keywords:
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- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NCEI Geoportal Filter
- Theme_Keyword: CoRIS_Metadata
- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CRCP Project
- Theme_Keyword:
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C204 Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP): Biennial monitoring for the US Pacific Islands and Atolls
- Theme_Keyword: 1221
- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
- Theme_Keyword: Marine Ecosystem
- Theme_Keyword: Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP)
- Theme_Keyword: Rapid Ecological Assessments (REA)
- Theme_Keyword: Coral Reef
- Theme_Keyword: Coral
- Theme_Keyword: Marianas
- Theme_Keyword: Agrihan
- Theme_Keyword: HA1101
- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
- Theme_Keyword: Numeric Data Sets > Biology
- Theme:
-
- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
- Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral reef ecology
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral reef ecology > Coral cover
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > BioDiversity
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Rapid assessment studies
- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
- Theme_Keyword: biota
- Theme_Keyword: 002
- Place:
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- Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
- Place_Keyword: Marianas
- Place_Keyword: Agrihan
- Place:
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- Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus
- Place_Keyword:
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OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Agrihan Island > Agrihan Island (18N145E0002)
- Place_Keyword:
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COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Northern Mariana Islands > Agrihan Island > Agrihan Island (18N145E0002)
- Place:
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- Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region
- Place_Keyword: CNMI
- Access_Constraints: None
- Use_Constraints:
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Please cite CRED when using data. Coral Reef Ecosystem Division,
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine
Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
- Point_of_Contact:
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- Contact_Information:
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- Contact_Organization_Primary:
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- Contact_Organization:
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Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- Contact_Address:
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- Address_Type: mailing and physical address
- Address: NOAA IRC
- Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
- Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
- City: Honolulu
- State_or_Province: HI
- Postal_Code: 96818
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360
- Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
- Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
- Data_Set_Credit:
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Erin Looney, Jeff Anderson, Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED),
Pacific Islands Fisheries Sciences Center, NOAA National Marine
Fisheries Service
- Security_Information:
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- Security_Classification_System: Not applicable
- Security_Classification: Unclassified
- Security_Handling_Description: Not applicable
- Native_Data_Set_Environment: Oracle
- Data_Quality_Information:
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- Attribute_Accuracy:
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- Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
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Observations were made by two divers who are experts in coral
biology. The population parameter survey is conducted one time
per site per survey year; it is not replicated.
- Logical_Consistency_Report:
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With the exception of the non-quantitative survey along the backreef,
the same methods of data collection were used at each of the sites
surveyed at this location and were conducted by the same scientists.
- Completeness_Report:
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The survey sites were selected to be representative of the
dominant habitats at this reef system. Efforts were made to
include broad spatial coverage of the reef area, but weather
conditions or other environmental constraints may have precluded
the team from surveying windward or exposed sites.
- Positional_Accuracy:
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- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
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- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: GPS Unit
- Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
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- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 1
- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Instrument parameters
- Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
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- Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Dive computer and SCUBA depth gauge
- Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
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- Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.3
- Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Instrument parameters
- Lineage:
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- Process_Step:
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- Process_Description:
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REA surveys are investigations that provide a high degree of taxonomic resolution for coral, algae, and other macroinvertebrate communities. The majority of REA surveys were conducted along the forereef slopes of individual islands at depths between 10 and 20 m. However, additional habitats including lagoonal-type patch reef and offshore oceanic banks were surveyed when they existed. During REA surveys, biological assessment teams follow highly structured protocols that are repeated at each REA site. Upon arrival at an REA site, divers entered the water and deployed two 25 m transect lines which are shared with coral surveys that gather community structure, diversity, recruitment, and health status data. The sampling effort takes between 60 and 80 min to complete. The selection of REA sites was made in close consultation with local agencies. Factors considered during REA site selection included: (1) ensuring a range of sample sites representative of the benthic and reef fish habitats around each island; (2) selecting a mixture of sites within and outside of marine protected areas; (3) selecting a mixture of both 'impacted' and 'least impacted' sites; (4) selecting some sites adjacent to local villages; and (5) selecting a number of sites that could be compared to and complement previous assessment and monitoring work as well as future coral reef monitoring proposed by local agencies. It is important to note that access to REA sites can be limited by wave exposure, weather conditions, and other environmental factors such as currents, which can affect the ability to re-survey sites between years. Transect placement was guided by: (1) a focus on hard-bottom communities; (2) deploying lines along an isobath to the extent possible at each site, and (3) laying the transect lines into the prevailing current.
- Process_Date: Unknown
- Spatial_Reference_Information:
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- Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
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- Geographic:
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- Latitude_Resolution: 0.0001
- Longitude_Resolution: 0.0001
- Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal Degrees
- Geodetic_Model:
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- Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84)
- Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 (GRS80)
- Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
- Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.2572236
- Distribution_Information:
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- Distributor:
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- Contact_Information:
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- Contact_Organization_Primary:
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- Contact_Organization:
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Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- Contact_Position: Data Manager
- Contact_Address:
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- Address_Type: mailing and physical address
- Address: NOAA IRC
- Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
- Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
- City: Honolulu
- State_or_Province: HI
- Postal_Code: 96818
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360
- Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
- Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
- Resource_Description: Offline Data
- Distribution_Liability:
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While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are
accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of
the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by
errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of
the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no
warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution
constitute such a warranty.
- Standard_Order_Process:
-
- Digital_Form:
-
- Digital_Transfer_Information:
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- Format_Name:
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xls (Microsoft Excel worksheet) or csv (comma-separated
values)
- Digital_Transfer_Option:
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- Offline_Option:
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- Offline_Media: CD-ROM or email
- Recording_Format: ISO 9660
- Fees: None if receiving the data online
- Custom_Order_Process: Contact CRED data management team for information
- Technical_Prerequisites: Contact CRED data management team for information
- Metadata_Reference_Information:
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- Metadata_Date: 20190605
- Metadata_Review_Date: 20110722
- Metadata_Contact:
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- Contact_Information:
-
- Contact_Organization_Primary:
-
- Contact_Organization:
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Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: mailing and physical address
- Address: NOAA IRC
- Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
- Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
- City: Honolulu
- State_or_Province: HI
- Postal_Code: 96818
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360
- Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
- Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
- Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
- Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
- CoRIS:
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- CoRIS_ID: 20110722070046
- CoRIS_Children: None
- CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20110421
- CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20110422
- CoRIS_Metadata_Link:
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https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/agrihanbenthicreametadata2011.html
- CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 6332
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