CRED REA Belt Surveys of Coral Population and Disease Assessments at Johnston Atoll, Pacific Remote Island Areas (PRIAs) in 2010

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information
• CoRIS

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

Publication_Date: 20120130

Title:

CRED REA Belt Surveys of Coral Population and Disease Assessments at Johnston Atoll, Pacific Remote Island Areas (PRIAs) in 2010

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: spreadsheet

Online_Linkage:

https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/ecosystems/coral-reefs-pacific

Description:

Abstract:

To support a long-term NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) for sustainable management and conservation of coral reef ecosystems, from 24-29 January 2010, belt transect surveys of coral population and diseases quantitative assessments were conducted, as a part of Rapid Ecological Assessments (REA), during the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) Cruise HI1001 in the Pacific Remote Island Areas at biennial intervals by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) at the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC). During the cruise, there were 16 surveys in total conducted at REA sites around Johnston Atoll in the Pacific Remote Island Areas. At the specific REA sites, coral biologists along with algal biologists and marine invertebrate zoologist entered the water and conducted a fine-scale (~300 m2) and high degree of taxonomic resolution REA survey to assess and monitor species composition, abundance, percent cover, size distribution, diversity, and general health of corals, macro-invertebrates, and algae in shallow-water (< 35 m) habitats. As a part of REA surveys, the coral belt surveys were focused on quantifying the diversity, abundance, density, and size-class distribution of the anthozoan and hydrozoan corals as well as the condition and health state of the coral reef populations. The surveys were conducted along two consecutively-placed, 25m transect lines. The belt width was 1-m wide, 0.5-m on each side of the transect line. Within each 25m transect, five 2.5-meter segments were surveyed (beginning at points: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 meters), whereby in each segment, all coral colonies whose center fell within 0.5m of either side of the transect line were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible (genus or species) and two planar size metrics were collected: maximum diameter and diameter perpendicular to the maximum diameter. In addition, the extent of mortality, both recent and old, was estimated for each colony. Observers paid special attention to identifying as best as possible the extent of the former live colony. When a coral colony exhibited signs of disease or compromised health, additional information was recorded including type of affliction (bleaching, skeletal growth anomaly, white syndrome, tissue loss other than white syndrome, trematodiasis, necrosis, other, pigmentation responses, algal overgrowth, and predation), severity of the affliction (mild, moderate, marked, severe, acute), as well as photographic documentation and sometimes tissue samples. Tissue samples were catalogued and fixed in buffered zinc-formalin solution for further histopathological analyses. Raw survey data included species presence and relative abundance, colony counts per taxon, size (width and length), mortality, predation, and health status. A surveyed area was ranging from 10m2 to 25m2 per site.

Purpose:

Part of a long-term monitoring program at biennial intervals which documents the state of the reefs.

Supplemental_Information:

Maximum depth was 17 meters. Corals genera and disease observed: Year Region Island SPC_Code Species List 2010 PRIA Johnston ACSP Acropora sp 2010 PRIA Johnston ACYT Acropora cythera 2010 PRIA Johnston FUSP Fungia sp 2010 PRIA Johnston MCAP Montipora capitata 2010 PRIA Johnston MOSP Montipora sp 2010 PRIA Johnston PMEA Pocillopora meandrina 2010 PRIA Johnston POSP Porites sp 2010 PRIA Johnston PVAR Pavona varians 2010 PRIA Johnston LEPT Leptastrea sp 2010 PRIA Johnston POCS Pocillopora sp 2010 PRIA Johnston PAVS Pavona sp 2010 PRIA Johnston MISP Millepora sp 2010 PRIA Johnston MINC Montipora incrassata 2010 PRIA Johnston PMAL Pavona maldivensis 2010 PRIA Johnston PLOB Porites lobata 2010 PRIA Johnston PASP Palythoa sp 2010 PRIA Johnston SISP Sinularia sp 2010 PRIA Johnston AHUM Acropora humilis 2010 PRIA Johnston PEYD Pocillopora eydouxi 2010 PRIA Johnston CYPS Cyphastrea sp

Year Region Island DZ_Code Diseases Present 2010 PRIA Johnston PRE Predation 2010 PRIA Johnston SGA Skeletal Growth Anomalies 2010 PRIA Johnston BLE Bleaching 2010 PRIA Johnston CYA Cyanobacterial Infection 2010 PRIA Johnston HYP Pigmentation Response 2010 PRIA Johnston WSY White Syndrome

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20100124

Ending_Date: 20100129

Currentness_Reference: Ground condition

Status:

Progress: In Work

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: asNeeded

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -169.571385

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -169.33355

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 16.803112

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 16.642373

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NCEI Geoportal Filter

Theme_Keyword: CoRIS_Metadata

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CRCP Project

Theme_Keyword:

Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP): Biennial monitoring for the U.S. Pacific Islands and Atolls

Theme_Keyword: 1221

Theme_Keyword:

Incidence and characterization of coral diseases in the U.S. Pacific Islands

Theme_Keyword: 1841

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword: Marine Ecosystem

Theme_Keyword: Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP)

Theme_Keyword: Rapid Ecoligical Assessments (REA)

Theme_Keyword: Coral Reef

Theme_Keyword: Coral

Theme_Keyword: Pacific Remote Island Areas (PRIAs)

Theme_Keyword: Johnston Atoll

Theme_Keyword: HI1001

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus

Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs

Theme_Keyword:

EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral reef ecology

Theme_Keyword:

EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral reef ecology > Coral cover

Theme_Keyword:

EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > BioDiversity

Theme_Keyword:

EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment

Theme_Keyword:

EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Rapid assessment studies

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus

Theme_Keyword: Numeric Data Sets > Biology

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category

Theme_Keyword: biota

Theme_Keyword: 002

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Place_Keyword: Johnston Atoll

Place_Keyword: Central Pacific

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Place_Keyword: Pacific Remote Island Areas (PRIAs)

Place_Keyword: Johnston Atoll

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus

Place_Keyword:

OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Johnston Atoll > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)

Place_Keyword:

COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region

Place_Keyword: PRIA

Access_Constraints: Data are available two years following data collection date.

Use_Constraints:

Please cite CRED when using the data. Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: NOAA IRC

Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED

Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176

City: Honolulu

State_or_Province: HI

Postal_Code: 96818

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov

Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred

Data_Set_Credit:

Erin Looney, Bernardo Vargas-Angel, Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Sciences Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA

Security_Information:

Security_Classification_System: Not applicable

Security_Classification: Unclassified

Security_Handling_Description: Not applicable

Native_Data_Set_Environment: Oracle

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

Observations were made by two divers who are experts in coral biology. The population parameter survey is conducted one time per site per survey year; it is not replicated.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

With the exception of the non-quantitative survey along the backreef, the same methods of data collection were used at each of the sites surveyed at this location, and were conducted by the same scientists.

Completeness_Report:

The survey sites were selected to be representative of the dominant habitats at this reef system. Efforts were made to include broad spatial coverage of the reef area, but weather conditions or other environmental constraints may have precluded the team from surveying windward or exposed sites.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: GPS unit

Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 1

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Instrument parameters

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Dive computer and SCUBA depth gauge

Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.3

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Instrument parameters

Lineage:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

REA surveys are investigations that provide a high degree of taxonomic resolution for coral, algae, and other macroinvertebrate communities. The majority of REA surveys were conducted along the forereef slopes of individual islands at depths between 10 and 20 m. However, additional habitats including lagoonal-type patch reef and offshore oceanic banks were surveyed when they existed. During REA surveys, biological assessment teams follow highly structured protocols that are repeated at each REA site. Upon arrival at an REA site, divers entered the water and deployed two 25 m transect lines which are shared with coral surveys that gather community structure, diversity, recruitment, and health status data. The sampling effort takes between 60 and 80 min to complete. The selection of REA sites was made in close consultation with local agencies. Factors considered during REA site selection included: (1) ensuring a range of sample sites representative of the benthic and reef fish habitats around each island; (2) selecting a mixture of sites within and outside of marine protected areas; (3) selecting a mixture of both 'impacted' and 'least impacted' sites; (4) selecting some sites adjacent to local villages; and (5) selecting a number of sites that could be compared to and complement previous assessment and monitoring work as well as future coral reef monitoring proposed by local agencies. It is important to note that access to REA sites can be limited by wave exposure, weather conditions, and other environmental factors such as currents, which can affect the ability to re-survey sites between years. Transect placement was guided by: (1) a focus on hard-bottom communities; (2) deploying lines along an isobath to the extent possible at each site, and (3) laying the transect lines into the prevailing current.

Process_Date: Unknown

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.0001

Longitude_Resolution: 0.0001

Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal Degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84)

Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 (GRS80)

Semi-major_Axis: 6378137

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.2572236

Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Depth_System_Definition:

Depth_Datum_Name: Local surface

Depth_Resolution: 1

Depth_Distance_Units: meters

Depth_Encoding_Method: Explicit Depth Coordinate Included with Horizontal Coordinates

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: NOAA IRC

Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED

Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176

City: Honolulu

State_or_Province: HI

Postal_Code: 96818

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov

Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred

Resource_Description: Offline Data

Distribution_Liability:

While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: XLS (Microsoft Excel worksheet)

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Offline_Option:

Offline_Media: CDROM, or email

Recording_Format: ISO 9660

Fees: None if receiving the data online

Custom_Order_Process: Contact CRED data management team for information

Technical_Prerequisites: Contact CRED data management team for information

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20190605

Metadata_Review_Date: 20101021

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: NOAA IRC

Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED

Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176

City: Honolulu

State_or_Province: HI

Postal_Code: 96818

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov

Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred

Metadata_Standard_Name: the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

CoRIS:

CoRIS_ID: 20101021012747

CoRIS_Children: None

CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20100124

CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20100129

CoRIS_Metadata_Link:

https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/cred_rea_coral_johnston_2010.html

CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 6013