CRED REA Reef Fish Assessment Survey at Kure Atoll, NW Hawaiian Islands in 2008
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Metadata:
- Identification_Information:
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- Citation:
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- Citation_Information:
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- Originator:
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Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- Publication_Date: 20101013
- Title:
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CRED REA Reef Fish Assessment Survey at Kure Atoll, NW Hawaiian Islands in 2008
- Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: spreadsheet
- Online_Linkage:
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https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pacific-islands/ecosystems/coral-reefs-pacific
- Description:
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- Abstract:
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To support a long-term NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) for sustainable management and conservation of coral reef ecosystems, from 12 September - 12 October 2008, reef fish assessment surveys were conducted, as a part of Rapid Ecological Assessments (REA), during the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) Cruise HI0809 in the NW Hawaiian Islands at biennial intervals by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) at the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC). During the cruise, 22 REA sites were surveyed at Kure Atoll in the NW Hawaiian Islands.
At the specific REA sites, fish biologists along with coral biologists, algal biologists and marine invertebrate zoologist entered the water and conducted a fine-scale (~300 m2) and high degree of taxonomic resolution REA survey to assess and monitor species composition, abundance, percent cover, size distribution, diversity, and general health of fish, corals, macro-invertebrates, and algae in shallow-water (< 35 m) habitats.
Reef fish assessment surveys were focused on cataloging the diversity (species richness), abundance (numeric density [# fish 100 m-2] and biomass density [kg 100 m-2]) of diurnally active reef fish assemblages. Three complementary noninvasive underwater survey methods were used, including belt-transect, stationary point count, and roving-diver surveys. For all methods, fish were identified at the species level, when possible, and assigned to a size bin ranging from 1 to 200 cm based on a visual estimate of total fish length.
Belt-transect (BLT) surveys were used to quantify the entire diurnal fish community (all size classes). In belt-transect surveys, two fish biologists swam side-by-side along three consecutively-placed, 25m transect lines. The BLT team swam each transect two times. During the initial swim-out, each fish diver recorded all fish larger than 20 cm observed within a 4-m wide belt perpendicular to their respective side of the transect (200 m2 area per line, 100 m2 per diver). On the return swim, each fish diver recorded all fish less than 20 cm observed within a 2-m wide belt (100 m2 area per line, 50 m2 per diver). The survey of large fish took approximately 5 min to complete while the survey of smaller fish took about 10 min to complete. All reef-associated fish, including those in the water column (including planktivores), were counted. Any coastal pelagic species (e.g., clupeids [sardines], belonids [beakfish], antherinids [silversides]) seen near the surface were not recorded.
The stationary point count (SPC) method were used to quantify larger, more mobile reef fish species that can be missed on belt-transect surveys. In stationary point count survey, a fish biologist swam approximately 15 m away from a transect line concurrently being surveyed by the other two BLT fish biologists. The SPC biologist then recorded all fish greater than 25 cm in length that passed within a visually estimated 20-m diameter cylinder centered on the diver's fixed position (10-m radius, total area = 314 m2). The survey time for each stationary point count survey was 5 min and a total of four stationary point count surveys were conducted at each REA site.
Roving-diver surveys were followed belt-transect and stationary point count surveys. As diver bottom time permitted, the fish assessment team conducted random swim surveys throughout the REA site area, recording, to the species level or the lowest recognizable taxon, the presence of reef fish not encountered during previous methods.
- Purpose:
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Part of a long-term monitoring program at biennial intervals which documents the state of the reefs.
- Supplemental_Information:
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Maximum depth was 20 meters.
Fish species observed:
Year Region Island Species TaxonName
2008 NWHI Kure ABAB Abudefduf abdominalis
2008 NWHI Kure ACBL Acanthurus blochii
2008 NWHI Kure ACLE Acanthurus leucopareius
2008 NWHI Kure ACNF Acanthurus nigrofuscus
2008 NWHI Kure ACNR Acanthurus nigroris
2008 NWHI Kure ACOL Acanthurus olivaceus
2008 NWHI Kure ACTR Acanthurus triostegus
2008 NWHI Kure ANCH Anampses chrysocephalus
2008 NWHI Kure ANCU Anampses cuvier
2008 NWHI Kure APKA Apogon kallopterus
2008 NWHI Kure APAR Apolemichthys arcuatus
2008 NWHI Kure APVI Aprion virescens
2008 NWHI Kure ARHI Arothron hispidus
2008 NWHI Kure AUCH Aulostomus chinensis
2008 NWHI Kure BOBI Bodianus bilunulatus
2008 NWHI Kure CAZO Calotomus zonarchus
2008 NWHI Kure CADU Cantherhines dumerilii
2008 NWHI Kure CAMA Canthidermis maculata
2008 NWHI Kure CAAM Canthigaster amboinensis
2008 NWHI Kure CAJA Canthigaster jactator
2008 NWHI Kure CAIG Caranx ignobilis
2008 NWHI Kure CAME Caranx melampygus
2008 NWHI Kure CAAB Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos
2008 NWHI Kure CAGA Carcharhinus galapagensis
2008 NWHI Kure CEPO Centropyge potteri
2008 NWHI Kure CHAU Chaetodon auriga
2008 NWHI Kure CHFR Chaetodon fremblii
2008 NWHI Kure CHLT Chaetodon lunulatus
2008 NWHI Kure CHMI Chaetodon miliaris
2008 NWHI Kure CHMU Chaetodon multicinctus
2008 NWHI Kure CHOR Chaetodon ornatissimus
2008 NWHI Kure CHIN Cheilio inermis
2008 NWHI Kure CHPE Chlorurus perspicillatus
2008 NWHI Kure CHSO Chlorurus sordidus
2008 NWHI Kure CHHA Chromis hanui
2008 NWHI Kure CHOV Chromis ovalis
2008 NWHI Kure CHVA Chromis vanderbilti
2008 NWHI Kure CIFA Cirrhitops fasciatus
2008 NWHI Kure CIPI Cirrhitus pinnulatus
2008 NWHI Kure CIVA Cirripectes vanderbilti
2008 NWHI Kure COFL Coris flavovittata
2008 NWHI Kure COVE Coris venusta
2008 NWHI Kure CTST Ctenochaetus strigosus
2008 NWHI Kure DAAL Dascyllus albisella
2008 NWHI Kure DIHO Diodon holocanthus
2008 NWHI Kure EXBR Exallias brevis
2008 NWHI Kure FICO Fistularia commersonii
2008 NWHI Kure FOFL Forcipiger flavissimus
2008 NWHI Kure FOLO Forcipiger longirostris
2008 NWHI Kure GEPE Genicanthus personatus
2008 NWHI Kure GOVA Gomphosus varius
2008 NWHI Kure GOVI Goniistius vittatus
2008 NWHI Kure HAOR Halichoeres ornatissimus
2008 NWHI Kure CHUB Kyphosidae sp
2008 NWHI Kure LAPH Labroides phthirophagus
2008 NWHI Kure LAFO Lactoria fornasini
2008 NWHI Kure MAGE Macropharyngodon geoffroy
2008 NWHI Kure MENI Melichthys niger
2008 NWHI Kure MOGR Monotaxis grandoculis
2008 NWHI Kure MUFL Mulloidichthys flavolineatus
2008 NWHI Kure MUPF Mulloidichthys pfluegeri
2008 NWHI Kure MUVA Mulloidichthys vanicolensis
2008 NWHI Kure MYMA Myrichthys magnificus
2008 NWHI Kure MYAM Myripristis amaena
2008 NWHI Kure MYBE Myripristis berndti
2008 NWHI Kure MYKU Myripristis kuntee
2008 NWHI Kure NABR Naso brevirostris
2008 NWHI Kure NAUN Naso unicornis
2008 NWHI Kure NESA Neoniphon sammara
2008 NWHI Kure NONE no individuals seen
2008 NWHI Kure OPPU Oplegnathus punctatus
2008 NWHI Kure OSME Ostracion meleagris
2008 NWHI Kure OXBI Oxycheilinus bimaculatus
2008 NWHI Kure OXUN Oxycheilinus unifasciatus
2008 NWHI Kure PAAR Paracirrhites arcatus
2008 NWHI Kure PAFO Paracirrhites forsteri
2008 NWHI Kure PACY Parupeneus cyclostomus
2008 NWHI Kure PAIN Parupeneus insularis
2008 NWHI Kure PAMU Parupeneus multifasciatus
2008 NWHI Kure PAPL Parupeneus pleurostigma
2008 NWHI Kure PAPO Parupeneus porphyreus
2008 NWHI Kure PLEW Plagiotremus ewaensis
2008 NWHI Kure PLGO Plagiotremus goslinei
2008 NWHI Kure PLIM Plectroglyphidodon imparipennis
2008 NWHI Kure PLJO Plectroglyphidodon johnstonianus
2008 NWHI Kure PRME Priacanthus meeki
2008 NWHI Kure PSDE Pseudocaranx dentex
2008 NWHI Kure PSEV Pseudocheilinus evanidus
2008 NWHI Kure PSOC Pseudocheilinus octotaenia
2008 NWHI Kure PSTE Pseudocheilinus tetrataenia
2008 NWHI Kure PTSP Pterois sphex
2008 NWHI Kure SASP Sargocentron spiniferum
2008 NWHI Kure SAXA Sargocentron xantherythrum
2008 NWHI Kure SCDU Scarus dubius
2008 NWHI Kure SCPS Scarus psittacus
2008 NWHI Kure SCSP Scarus sp
2008 NWHI Kure SCLY Scomberoides lysan
2008 NWHI Kure SCPP Scorpaenopsis sp
2008 NWHI Kure SEDU Seriola dumerili
2008 NWHI Kure SPHE Sphyraena helleri
2008 NWHI Kure STFA Stegastes fasciolatus
2008 NWHI Kure STBA Stethojulis balteata
2008 NWHI Kure LIZA Synodontidae sp
2008 NWHI Kure SYUL Synodus ulae
2008 NWHI Kure SYVA Synodus variegatus
2008 NWHI Kure THBA Thalassoma ballieui
2008 NWHI Kure THDU Thalassoma duperrey
2008 NWHI Kure THPU Thalassoma purpureum
2008 NWHI Kure THTR Thalassoma trilobatum
2008 NWHI Kure FISH Un-id fish sp
2008 NWHI Kure XAME Xanthichthys mento
2008 NWHI Kure ZACO Zanclus cornutus
2008 NWHI Kure ZEFL Zebrasoma flavescens
2008 NWHI Kure ZEVE Zebrasoma veliferum
- Time_Period_of_Content:
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- Time_Period_Information:
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- Range_of_Dates/Times:
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- Beginning_Date: 20080929
- Ending_Date: 20081001
- Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
- Status:
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- Progress: In Work
- Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: asNeeded
- Spatial_Domain:
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- Bounding_Coordinates:
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- West_Bounding_Coordinate: -178.392676
- East_Bounding_Coordinate: -178.273907
- North_Bounding_Coordinate: 28.471785
- South_Bounding_Coordinate: 28.378566
- Keywords:
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- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NCEI Geoportal Filter
- Theme_Keyword: CoRIS_Metadata
- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CRCP Project
- Theme_Keyword:
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Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (Pacific RAMP): Biennial monitoring for the U.S. Pacific Islands and Atolls
- Theme_Keyword: 1221
- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
- Theme_Keyword: Marine Ecosystem
- Theme_Keyword: Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP)
- Theme_Keyword: Rapid Ecological Assessments (REA)
- Theme_Keyword: Coral Reef
- Theme_Keyword: Reef Fishes
- Theme_Keyword: Belt Transect (BLT) Survey
- Theme_Keyword: Stationary Point Count (SPC )Surveys
- Theme_Keyword: Roving-diver surveys
- Theme_Keyword: NW Hawaiian Islands
- Theme_Keyword: Kure Atoll
- Theme_Keyword: HI0809
- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
- Theme_Keyword: Numeric Data Sets > Biology
- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
- Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral reef ecology
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Rapid assessment studies
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Reef fish census
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Reef fish census > Stationary
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Reef fish census > Random swimming
- Theme_Keyword:
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EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Reef fish census > Belt transect
- Theme:
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- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
- Theme_Keyword: biota
- Theme_Keyword: 002
- Place:
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- Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
- Place_Keyword: NW Hawaiian Islands
- Place_Keyword: Kure Atoll
- Place:
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- Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus
- Place_Keyword:
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OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001)
- Place_Keyword:
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COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001)
- Place:
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- Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region
- Place_Keyword: NWHI
- Access_Constraints: Data are available two years following data collection date.
- Use_Constraints:
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Please cite CRED when using the data. Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
- Point_of_Contact:
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- Contact_Information:
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- Contact_Organization_Primary:
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- Contact_Organization:
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Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- Contact_Person: Ivor Williams
- Contact_Address:
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- Address_Type: mailing and physical address
- Address: NOAA IRC
- Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
- Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
- City: Honolulu
- State_or_Province: HI
- Postal_Code: 96818
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360
- Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
- Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
- Data_Set_Credit:
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"Paula Ayotte, Cori Kane, Amanda Meyer, Yumi Yasutake", Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Sciences Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA
- Security_Information:
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- Security_Classification_System: Not applicable
- Security_Classification: Unclassified
- Security_Handling_Description: Not applicable
- Native_Data_Set_Environment: Oracle
- Data_Quality_Information:
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- Attribute_Accuracy:
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- Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
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Observations at each site were made by three divers who are experts in fish taxonomy. The team of three REA fish divers rotated roles with two divers performing belt-transect surveys and one diver performing stationary point counts at each survey site. Observations were periodically checked during the expedition for consistency between divers, and little discrepancy was ever noted between divers. It should be noted, however, that this data set is quite large, and probably includes typographical or other errors that might be discovered at a future date.
- Logical_Consistency_Report:
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The same methods of data collection were used at each of the sites surveyed at this location, and were conducted by the same scientists. Periodic examination of the data through the duration of the trip showed no signs of diver bias or other discrepancies.
- Completeness_Report:
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The survey sites were selected to be representative of the coral reef habitats at this reef system. Efforts were made to include broad spatial coverage of the reef area, but weather conditions or other environmental constraints may have precluded the team from surveying windward or exposed sites.
- Positional_Accuracy:
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- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
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- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: GPS unit
- Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
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- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 1
- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Instrument parameters
- Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
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- Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Dive computer and SCUBA depth gauge
- Quantitative_Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:
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- Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.3
- Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Instrument parameters
- Lineage:
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- Process_Step:
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- Process_Description:
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REA surveys are investigations that provide a high degree of taxonomic resolution for coral, algae, other macroinvertebrate, and reef fish communities. The surveys were conducted using a combination of dive teams which generally included a two to three person fish team, a two person coral/coral disease team, and a combined team of two algae biologists and one macroinvertebrate biologist. The majority of REA surveys were conducted along the forereef slopes of individual islands at depths between 10 and 20 m. However, additional surveyed habitats included a lagoonal-type patch reef and offshore oceanic banks.
During REA surveys, biological assessment teams follow highly structured protocols that are repeated at each REA site. Upon arrival at an REA site, three teams of divers enter the water over spaced time intervals. The fish team firstly enters the water and deploys a 25-m transect line. Two of the fish divers begin to survey along that transect while the remaining fish diver begins stationary point count assessments in the general vicinity. After approximately 20 min, the coral team enters the water and begins to work along the first transect line. By this time the fish team has deployed and begun surveys along a second 25-m transect. About 10 min later, the algal/invertebrate team enters the water and begins surveying the first transect. In total, the fish team surveys three transects at each site (transects 1, 2, and 3), and the coral and algal/invertebrate teams survey transects 1 and 2. The sampling effort takes between 60 and 80 min to complete.
The selection of REA sites was made in close consultation with Coral Reef Advisory Group (CRAG) and local agencies. Factors considered during REA site selection included: (1) ensuring a range of sample sites representative of the benthic and reef fish habitats around each island; (2) selecting a mixture of sites within and outside of marine protected areas; (3) selecting a mixture of both 'impacted' and 'least impacted' sites; (4) selecting some sites adjacent to local villages, and (5) selecting a number of sites that could be compared to and complement previous assessment and monitoring work as well as future coral reef monitoring proposed by CRAG and local agencies. It is important to note that access to REA sites can be limited by wave exposure, weather conditions, and other environmental factors such as currents, which can affect the ability to resurvey sites between years.
Transect placement was guided by: (1) a focus on hard-bottom communities; (2) deploying lines along an isobath to the extent possible at each site, and (3) laying the transect lines into the prevailing current.
- Process_Date: Unknown
- Spatial_Reference_Information:
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- Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
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- Geographic:
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- Latitude_Resolution: 0.0001
- Longitude_Resolution: 0.0001
- Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal Degrees
- Geodetic_Model:
-
- Horizontal_Datum_Name: World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84)
- Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 (GRS80)
- Semi-major_Axis: 6378137
- Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.2572236
- Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
-
- Depth_System_Definition:
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- Depth_Datum_Name: Local surface
- Depth_Resolution: 1
- Depth_Distance_Units: meters
- Depth_Encoding_Method: Explicit Depth Coordinate Included with Horizontal Coordinates
- Distribution_Information:
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- Distributor:
-
- Contact_Information:
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- Contact_Organization_Primary:
-
- Contact_Organization:
-
Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- Contact_Person: CRED Data Management Team
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: mailing and physical address
- Address: NOAA IRC
- Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
- Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
- City: Honolulu
- State_or_Province: HI
- Postal_Code: 96818
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360
- Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
- Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
- Resource_Description: Offline Data
- Distribution_Liability:
-
While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.
- Standard_Order_Process:
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- Digital_Form:
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- Digital_Transfer_Information:
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- Format_Name: XLS (Microsoft Excel worksheet)
- Digital_Transfer_Option:
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- Offline_Option:
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- Offline_Media: CDROM, or email
- Recording_Format: ISO 9660
- Fees: None if receiving the data online
- Custom_Order_Process: Contact CRED data management team for information
- Technical_Prerequisites: Contact CRED data management team for information
- Metadata_Reference_Information:
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- Metadata_Date: 20190526
- Metadata_Review_Date: 20090914
- Metadata_Contact:
-
- Contact_Information:
-
- Contact_Organization_Primary:
-
- Contact_Organization:
-
Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: mailing and physical address
- Address: NOAA IRC
- Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
- Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
- City: Honolulu
- State_or_Province: HI
- Postal_Code: 96818
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360
- Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
- Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
- Metadata_Standard_Name: the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
- Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
- CoRIS:
-
- CoRIS_ID: 20090914073842
- CoRIS_Children: None
- CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20080929
- CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20081001
- CoRIS_Metadata_Link:
-
https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/cred_rea_fish_kure_atoll_2008.html
- CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 2915
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