Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: James E.T. Moncur, Originator: Chittaranjan Ray, Originator: Roger S. Fujioka, Originator: Ross S. Tanimoto, Originator: William J. Cooke, Originator: E. Alison Kay, Originator: Richard C. Swartz, Originator: Phillip Moravcik, Originator: William G. Ambrose, Jr., Originator: Julie H. Bailey-Brock, Originator: Cynthia L. Hunter, Originator: Regina K. Kawamoto, Originator: Dean Pasko, Originator: Walter G. Nelson Publication_Date: Unknown Title: Sediment monitoring and benthic faunal sampling adjacent to the Sand Island ocean outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, 1986-2010 (NODC Accession 9900088) Online_Linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/9900088 Description: Abstract: Benthic fauna and sediment in the vicinity of the Sand Island ocean outfall were sampled from 1986-2010. To assess the environmental quality, sediment grain size and sediment chemistry were measured. To identify the fauna, mollusk species and nonmollusk species sitings were tabulated. Stations were located both within and on the boundary of the zone of initial dilution (ZID) and at distances of 1.2 to 2 km from the ZID boundary. This set is an update to NODC Accession 9900088. Purpose: Assess benthic environmental quality in region of sewer outfall Supplemental_Information: NOAASupplemental: Entry_ID: Unknown Sensor_Name: SCUBA Project_Campaign: Benthic Data Adjacent to the Sand Island Outfall Originating_Center: Water Resources Research Center, Univ. Hawaii Storage_Medium: MS 2007 Excel Reference: None Online_size: 9,0795 kbytes Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19860101 Ending_Date: 20100830 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Annually Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.9288 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.8903 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.2917 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.2813 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NCEI Geoportal Filter Theme_Keyword: CoRIS_Metadata Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: coastal data Theme_Keyword: coral reef Theme_Keyword: biological data Theme_Keyword: chemical data Theme_Keyword: geochemical data Theme_Keyword: geology data Theme_Keyword: benthic fauna Theme_Keyword: sediment chemistry Theme_Keyword: -geochemical analyses (total organic carbon (TOC) (%), Theme_Keyword: -oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) (in mV millivolts), Theme_Keyword: -sediment oil and grease (O&G) (mg/kg), Theme_Keyword: sediment grain size Theme_Keyword: mollusk species; quantity of each species Theme_Keyword: nonmollusk species; quantity of each species Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: biota Theme_Keyword: 002 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: Numeric Data Sets > Biology Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Benthic biology Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biological Classification > Animals/Invertebrates > Mollusks Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Organic Carbon Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: North Pacific Place_Keyword: Hawaii Place_Keyword: Oahu Place_Keyword: Mamala Bay Place_Keyword: Sand Island Sewage Treatment Plant Place_Keyword: Honolulu Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region Place_Keyword: MHI Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003) Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: near sea floor bottom around 70m Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Dataset credit required Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Dr. Phillip Moravcik Contact_Organization: Water Resources Research Center Contact_Position: data manager, researcher Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical address Address: Holmes Hall 280 Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96822 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-3097 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: morav@hawaii.edu Data_Set_Credit: Department of Environmental Services, City and County of Honolulu, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii Native_Data_Set_Environment: MS Office 2007 Excel Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: see methodology Completeness_Report: quality control completed Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: SAMPLING STATIONS: latitude longitude depth (m) B1 21 17'31"N 157 55'44"W 61.0 B2 21 17'23"N 157 55'24"W 64.0 B3 21 17'01"N 157 54'42"W 72.5 B4 21 17'01"N 157 54'24"W 58.2 Z 21 16'53"N 157 54'21"W 76.0 B5 21 17'00"N 157 54'03"W 71.3 B6 21 17'05"N 157 53'25"W 72.2 Station positioning was determined using the Motorola Mini-ranger navigation system. January 1986 September 1987 August 1990 August 1991 August 1992 August 1993 August 1994 August 1994 Sept. 1995 August 1996 August 1997 August 1998 September-October 1999 August 2000 August 2002 October 2004 August 2005 August 2006 August 2007 September 2008 August 2009 August 2010 missing years 1988-1989, 2001, 2003 METHODOLOGY: The sampling methodology used in this study generally followed the recommendations of Swartz (1978) and US EPA guidelines (EPA 1987a, 1987b), hereafter refered to as EPA procedures. A modified 0.16-m2 van Veen grab sampler deployed from a stern-mounted A-frame on the research vessel Noi I Kai was used to obtain bottom samples at all seven stations. Penetration of the sampler was adequate for all replicates. The minimum penetration depth for all grabs was 6 cm and the maximum was 13 cm. Six van Veen grabs were taken at each station. A subsample 7.6 cm in diameter by 5 cm deep was taken from each grab sample for infaunal analysis and a subsample 4.8 cm in diameter by 5 cm deep for mollusk analysis. Subsampling was necessary because the epifauna and infauna in the area are known to be both small and abundant and processing of the entire sample would be impractical. Replicated grab samples at each station, rather than replicated subsamples from one grab sample, were used to provide information on intrastation variability. All six nonmollusk subcores were processed on a 0.5-mm screen. Samples for geochemical analyses (total organic carbon (TOC), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), sediment oil and grease (O&G), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and grain size) were obtained from the grabs from which the biological subcores were taken. Each replicate van Veen grab contained more than enough sediment for both purposes (methods HI0020117). Three subsamples 7.6 cm in diameter by 5 cm deep (one from each of three differnt grab samples) were taken from all stations. The top 2 cm of sediment of each subsample were used for geochemical analysis. Samples for TOC and sediment O&G analysis were put in screw-cap jars, placed on ice, and taken to the laboratory for analysis. Sediment analyses of sediment grain size, ORP, TKN, and O&G followed EPA procedures. Analysis of TOC was carried out by Severn Trent Laboritories (Colchester, Vermont), using the modified Lloyd Khan method, which utiliezes an infrafred detector to measure carbon dioxide. Inorganic carbon was removed from the samples by treating them with a 1:1 solution of hydrochloric acid prior to TOC analysis. Sample Processing: Handling and processing of biological samples followed EPA procedures. Nonmollusk sampleswere fixed with buffered 10% formalin for a minimum of 24 hours. The fixed samples were elutriated using the technique of Saunders et al. (1965). This method successfully removes from the sediment all organisms that are not heavily calcified. Samples were washed six times, and the water from each was poured through 0.5 mm mesh sieves. Polychaetes and other invertebrates retained on the sieve were transferred to alcohol, stained with rose bengal solution, and stored in 70% ethanol. The mollusk samples were fixed in 75% alcohol for 24 hours, decanted, fixed again for another 24 hours, then air dried. Aliquot portions (15cm3) were then sorted following the methods of Kay (1980) and Kay and Kawamoto (1983). When large carbonate rubble fragments were collected in the samples, the rubble fragments were carefully washed and visually examined to ensure that any organisms on the external surfaces were removed. The fragments were then placed in a nitric acid bath for 24 hours to dissolve the carbonate and to recover organisms living in burrows. The acid dissolution technique used was modified from the methods of Brock and Brock (1977), as described in Nelson (1986). Because the biological subcores had to be processed using two different procedures, one for mollusks and the other for all other organisms, the components of the fauna were not directly comparable and thus were analyzed separately. Because the mollusks were not separated into living and dead shell fractions, they represent time-averaged samples. All specimens were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible. Voucher specimens were submitted to taxonomic specialists for verification when necessary. INSTRUMENT TYPES: A van Veen grab sampler deployed from a stern-mounted A-frame on the research vessel Noi I Kai was used to obtain bottom samples at all seven stations. REFERENCES: Brock, R.R., and J.H. Brock. 1977. A method for quantitatively assessing the infaunal community in coral rock. Limnol. Oceanogr. 7:108-118. Nelson, W.G. 1986. Benthic infaunal sampling in vicinity of the Sand Island Ocean Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii. Spec. Rep 6:20:86, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, 117 pp. Kay,E.A. 1980. Micromollusks: Techniques and patterns in benthic marine communities In Environmental Survey Techniques for Coastal Water Converence Proceedings, Water Resources Research Center and Sea Grant, University of Hawaii at Manoa, and Hawaii Water Pollut. Control Assoc., January, Honolulu, pp. 93-112. Kay,E.A., and R. Kawamoto. 1983. Micromolluscan assemblages in Mamala Bay, Oahu 1974-1982. Tech Rep. No. 158, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, 73 pp. Saunders, H., R. Hessler, and G. Hampson. 1965. An introduction to the study of deep-sea benthic faunal assemblages along the Gay Head- Bermuda transect. Deep Sea Res. 12:845-867. Swartz,R.C. 1978. Techniques for sampling and analyzing the marine benthos. Doc. No. 600/3-789-030, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon. Swartz,R.C. and J.H.Bailey-Brock, W.J. Cook, E.A.Kay. 1999. Benthic faunal sampling adjacent to Sand Island ocean outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, August 1998. Project Report PR-99-10. Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, 172 pp. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1987a. Quality assurance and quality control for 301(h) monitoring programs: Guidance on field and laboratory methods. EPA 430/9-86-004, Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 267 pp. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1987b. Recommended biological indices for 301(h) monitoring programs. EPA 430/9-86-002, Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 17 pp. Technical Reports of WRRC: Project Report PR-2009-08 Benthic Faunal Sampling Adjacent to the Sand Island Ocean Outfall, O'ahu, Hawai'i, September 2008, William G. Ambrose, Jr., Julie H. Bailey-Brock, William J. Cooke, Regina K. Kawamoto, March 2009, xiv + 255 pp Project Report PR-2008-09 Benthic Faunal Sampling Adjacent to the Sand Island Ocean Outfall, O'ahu, Hawai'i, August 2007 William G. Ambrose, Jr. Julie H. Bailey-Brock William J. Cooke E. Alison Kay, February 2008, xii + 279 pp. Project Report PR-2007-06 Benthic Faunal Sampling Adjacent to Sand Island Ocean Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, August 2006. Swartz, Richard C., Julie H. Bailey-Brock, E. Alison Kay, and Dean Pasko. February 2007. 267 pages. Project Report PR-2006-05 Benthic Faunal Sampling Adjacent to Sand Island Ocean Outfall, O'ahu, Hawai'i, August 2005, Swartz, R.C., J.H. Bailey-Brock, W.J. Cooke, E.A. Kay, Mar 2006 Project Report PR-2005-07 Benthic Faunal Sampling Adjacent to Sand Island Ocean Outfall, O'ahu, Hawai'i, October 2004, Swartz, R.C., J.H. Bailey-Brock, W.J. Cooke, E.A. Kay, Mar 2003 Project Report PR-2003-04 Benthic Faunal Sampling Adjacent to Sand Island Ocean Outfall, O'ahu, Hawai'i, August 2002, Swartz, R.C., J.H. Bailey-Brock, W.J. Cooke, E.A. Kay, Mar 2003 Project Report PR-2001-08 Benthic faunal sampling adjacent to Sand Island Ocean Outfall, O'ahu, Hawai'i, August 2000, Swartz, Richard C., Julie H. Bailey - Brock, William J. Cooke, and E. Alison Kay, March 2001 Project Report PR-2000-06 Benthic faunal sampling adjacent to the Sand Island Ocean Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, September-October 1999, Swartz, Richard C., March 2000 Project Report PR-98-08 Benthic faunal sampling adjacent to Sand Island Ocean Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, August 1997, Swartz, Richard C., March 1998 Project Report PR-97-06 Benthic faunal sampling adjacent to Sand Island Ocean Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, September 1996, Nelson, Walter G., March 1997 Project Report PR-96-07 Benthic faunal sampling adjacent to Sand Island Ocean Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, August 1995, Nelson, Walter G., March 1996 Project Report PR-95-09 Benthic faunal sampling adjacent to Sand Island Ocean Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, August 1994, Nelson, Walter G., February 1995 Project Report PR-94-13 Benthic faunal sampling adjacent to Sand Island Ocean Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, August 1993, Nelson, Walter G., January 1994 Process_Date: Unknown Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Dr. Phillip Moravcik Contact_Organization: Water Resources Research Center Contact_Position: data manager, researcher Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical address Address: Holmes Hall 280 Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96822 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-3097 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: morav@hawaii.edu Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: FILE FORMATS: Directory data/0-data Contains the files/directories as provided by the contributor File: SICHDABS87-2010.XLS Format: Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Worksheet Content: Sediment chemical data 1987-2010 Description: Spreadsheet for each year and summary sheet for 1986-2010 Missing years: 1988-1989, 2001, 2003 File: SISEDBAS86-10.xls Format: Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Worksheet Content: Sediment grain size data 1986-2010 Description: Spreadsheet for each year and summary sheet for 1986-2010 Missing years: 1988-1989, 2001, 2003 File: SIMODBAS86-98.xls Format: Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Worksheet Content: Mullosk species lists 1986-1998 Description: Spreadsheet for each year; provides count of species per sample Also a summary sheet for 1986-1998. Missing years: 1988-1989 File: SIMODBAS99-2010.xls Format: Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Worksheet Content: Mullosk species lists 1999-2010 Description: Spreadsheet for each year; provides count of species per sample Also a summary sheet for 1999-2006. Missing years: 2001,2003 File: SINMDBAS86-98.xls Format: Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Worksheet Content: Nonmullosk species lists 1986-1998 Description: Spreadsheet for each year; provides count of species per sample. Missing years: 1988-1989 File: SINMDBAS99-10.xls Format: Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Worksheet Content: Nonmullosk species lists 1999-2010 Description: Spreadsheet for each year; provides count of species per sample. Also a summary sheet for 1999-2005. Missing years: 2001,2003 Directory data/1-data Contains the files/directories created by NODC Comma-separated version (CSV) text files were exported for each sheet within each Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Worksheet of ../0-data. The filename is the name of the Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Worksheet appended with an underscore, "_", and the name of the sheet, which is typically an indication of the year or "summary". Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/National Oceanographic Data Center Contact_Person: Data Access Group, User Services Team Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: SSMC-3 Fourth Floor Address: 1315 East West Highway City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: MD Postal_Code: 20910-3282 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3277 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-3302 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: services@nodc.noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data,expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA, NESDIS, NODC and NCDDC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ASCII Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/9900088 Fees: Prices vary depending on data set, output medium and ordering mechanism. A standard handling charge, with additional costs for special handling, may be added to the basic cost of the data. Ordering_Instructions: Prepayment by check, money order or bank card is required. Orders may be placed via fax, email, regular mail, telephone or via the NNDC Online Store. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20210106 Metadata_Review_Date: 20120521 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC Contact_Position: Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316 Address: Dept. of Oceanography Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa City: Honolulu State_or_Province: Hawaii Postal_Code: 96822 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (808)-956-4105 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (808) 956-2352 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: caldwell@hawaii.edu Hours_of_Service: 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays Contact_Instructions: check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC CSDGM Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 CoRIS: CoRIS_ID: 20120521022804 CoRIS_Children: None CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 19860101 CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20100830 CoRIS_Metadata_Link: https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/fgdcmetadata9900088.html CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 6483