Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Mr. James L. Falter and Dr. Francis J. Sansons of the Department of Oceanography, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa. Publication_Date: 20000914 Publication_Time: Unknown Title: Pore water studies reef flat sediments, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, HI (NODC Accession 0000271) Edition: None Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Digital files Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Honolulu, HI Publisher: University of Hawaii at Manoa Description: Abstract: Geochemical behavior of the upper 70 cm of permeable reef flat sediments on Checker Reef, Oahu, Hawaii was examined using spatial and temporal changes in pore water dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, and nitrous oxide. This patch reef was monitored immediately following significant wave events (storm events) between October 1996 and July 1997 to study the hydraulic control of pore water geochemistry within the oxic-suboxic zone of a permeable sediment. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the behavior of the water composition within these permeable sediments and their relationship to sediment redox structure under varying physical condtions. Supplemental_Information: Resource Description: NODC Accession # 0000271 Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19961001 Beginning_Time: Unknown Ending_Date: 19970731 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Description_of_Geographic_Extent: Checker Reef, Oahu, Hawaii Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.792 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.791 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.442 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.442 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NCEI Geoportal Filter Theme_Keyword: CoRIS_Metadata Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Nitrate Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Nitrite Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Dissolved Gases Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Oxygen Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Patch Reef Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Benthos Analysis Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Nitrogen > Dissolved Inorganic Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: silicon Theme_Keyword: nitrous oxide Theme_Keyword: dissolved inorganic phosphorous Theme_Keyword: pore water geochemistry Theme_Keyword: sediments Theme_Keyword: ammonium Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: Numeric Data Sets > Chemistry Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: 008 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Checker Reef (21N157W0009) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Checker Reef (21N157W0009) Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region Place_Keyword: MHI Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Stratum_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat Stratum_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: None Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Patrick Caldwell Contact_Organization: NOAA/NODC/National Coastal Data Development Center Contact_Position: NOAA/NODC Hawaii/Pacific Liaison Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: JIMAR, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1000 Pope Road City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96822 Country: U.S.A. Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-4105 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808-956-2352 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Patrick.Caldwell@noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Monday through Friday Contact_Instructions: call, write, e-mail, FAX, leave voice mail Data_Set_Credit: Mr. James L. Falter and Dr. Francis J. Sansone Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft EXCEL Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: See originator data files and methodolgy description. Completeness_Report: See originator data files and methodolgy description. Lineage: Methodology: Methodology_Type: Field Methodology_Identifier: Methodology_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Methodology_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Benthos analysis Methodology_Keyword: Pore water geochemistry Methodology_Keyword: Sediment cores - coral reef Methodology_Keyword: Water composition Methodology_Keyword: ammonium Methodology_Keyword: dissolved inorganic phosphorous Methodology_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Dissolved Gases Methodology_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Nitrate Methodology_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Nitrite Methodology_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Nitrogen > Dissolved inorganic Nitrogen Methodology_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Oxygen Methodology_Keyword: nitrous oxide Methodology_Keyword: pore water geochemistry Methodology_Keyword: sediment analysis Methodology_Keyword: silicon Methodology_Description: Well points were fabricated from 1/8 in. diameter schedule 80 PVC pipe and used to sample pore water at depths of 7,15,25,35,50, and 70 cm in the reef. The well points were driven into the reef framework with the aid of a stainless steel installion tool. A set of wells for sampling each of these depths defined an array. The arrangement of wells within a single array was designed to minimize the degree of lateral separation of any two wells within an array while preventing the pore water volume extracted from one well point from overlapping or interfering with the volume extracted from an adjacent well. The sampling volume was estimated to be a sphere ~6 cm in radius, based upond a total extraction volume of ~250 ml per sampling and an estimated sediment porosity of ~0.3. The porosity of modern aragonitic sands is typically ~0.45; however, a more conservative estimate of porosity is used for Checker Reef sediments due to the presence of the larger pieces of broken coral rubble. Pore water samples were extracted from the sediment using a battery-powered perstaltic pump. An amount in excess of the dead volume in the tubing that connected the well point to the pump (~270ml) was collected and discarded before taking each 250 ml pore water sample to ensure a pure pore water sample. The mixing of pore water during its passage through the tubing acted to homogenize the samples; however, samples collected from individual well points on and after 1 March 1997 were homogenized in a glass flask free of any head space to ensure uniformity between subsamples intended for different chemical analyses. There did not appear to be any significant change in the relative distribution of pore water species once this deliberate homogenization step was employed. An additional experiment was performed to determine how much pore water composition would change with the volume of water extracted. Four 60 ml pore water samples were sequentially taken from 7-, 25-, and 50-cm well points at each station using 60 ml syringes attached directly to the well points (without using the pump and tubing). These samples showed that nitrate and ammonium concentrations did not change significantly with the amount of pore water extracted, even for the 7-cm well points, suggesting that there was no enhanced movement of pore water along the sides of the well points. Two arrays ~1.5 m apart were installed at varying distances from the forereef (Stations S and C) and sampled over a 9-month period. At no point was there a freshwater flow into the bay large enouch to effect surface salinities over the reef. Samples for the determination of dissolved nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium were filtered through glass fiber filters and analysed using standard colorometric techniques. Dissolved oxygen was measured in the field using an Orion model 820 dissolved oxygen meter equipped with a Clark-type electrode. Pore water nitrous oxide concentrations were measured following the method of Pierotti and Rasmussen (1980) with only minor modifications. Sediment hydraulic conductivity was estimated for each of the well points using a falling-head permeameter. These estimates assumed that the sediments were homogeneous and extended infinitely around a given well point. These assumptions were made to simplify the required calculations; however, the sensitivity of the calculations to these assumptions at distances greater than 7 cm away from the well point was very small ( less than 5%). #INSTRUMENT TYPES: Wells: 1/8 in. diameter schedule 80 PVC pipe Water extraction: battery-powered perstaltic pump and 60 ml syringes Dissolved oxygen was measured in the field using an Orion model 820 dissolved oxygen meter equipped with a Clark-type electrode. Process_Step: Process_Description: See details under methodogy description in this metadata record and within originator data files. Process_Date: 19970731 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NOAA National Oceanographic Data Center Contact_Person: NODC User Services Contact_Position: not applicable Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 1315 East-West Highway, SSMC3, 4th Floor City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: MD Postal_Code: 20910 Country: U.S.A. Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3277 or 3280 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-3302 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nodc.services@noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: 8:30 AM through 6:00 PM, Monday through Friday EST Contact_Instructions: Phone/e-mail/FAX/voice mail message Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NODC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Microsoft XLS Format_Version_Date: 19970731 Format_Specification: Not applicable Format_Information_Content: Original file received by NODC via FTP in file, appx.xls (Microsoft EXCEL). Redundant ASCII text files were made of each individual sheet within the spreadsheet file at the NODC for archival purposes. Original files are: sheetx.prn, where x varies from 1 to 8. The format is straight-forward with well-defined columns. Rows are clearly marked by date and depth. Dataset size: 91 Kbytes. Number of data units: 2 stations, 4 arrays. File_Decompression_Technique: None required; uncompressed files Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/0000271 Access_Instructions: NODC Data Direct functions through standard Internet browsers; FTP capability required; access "Data Direct" through the NODC website at www.nodc.noaa.gov; go to "year 2000" and select NODC Accession # 0000271 Online_Computer_and_Operating_System: Standard Internet browser; FTP capability; PC, Mac, or UNIX system, Microsoft EXCEL or compatible suggested Fees: None Ordering_Instructions: Download through via NODC's "Data Direct" system at the NODC homepage at www.nodc.noaa.gov or contact NODC for custom order. (When requesting data from the NODC, the desired data set may be referred to by the 7-digit number given in the RESOURCE DESCRIPTION field of this metadata record) Turnaround: 24 hours if downloaded via the Internet Custom_Order_Process: Contact the NODC User Services Group via phone/FAX/E-mail: nodc.services@noaa.gov Technical_Prerequisites: Microsoft Excel 97 or higher, or compatible software Available_Time_Period: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20011207 Beginning_Time: Unknown Ending_Date: Present Ending_Time: Unknown Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20200329 Metadata_Future_Review_Date: 20030731 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Sheri Phillips Contact_Organization: NOAA/NODC Contact_Position: Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 1315 East-West Highway, E/OC1, SSMC3, 4th Floor City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: MD Postal_Code: 20910 Country: U.S.A. Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3280 x127 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-3302 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sheri.phillips@noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: 9:30 AM - 6 PM Monday-Thursday Contact_Instructions: E-mail, phone, FAX, mail Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001.1-1999 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: Dataset credit recommended/desirable Metadata_Security_Information: Metadata_Security_Classification_System: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Classification: Unclassified Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None CoRIS: CoRIS_ID: 20020814083644 CoRIS_Children: None CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 19961001 CoRIS_Ending_Date: 19970731 CoRIS_Metadata_Link: https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/nodc_0000271_pore_studies.html CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 154