Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Douglas Fenner Publication_Date: Unpublished material Title: Summer 2004 Coral Bleaching Event on Tutuila, American Samoa (NODC Accession 0001955) Online_Linkage: http://www.nodc.noaa.gov Description: Abstract: American Samoa's coral reefs have been impacted by a variety of major events, including periodic severe hurricanes, the most recent of which was Hurricane Heta, which was closest on Jan 6, 2004. Other events have included a Crown-of-Thorns seastar outbreak in 1974 and night scuba spearfishing from 1994-2002. Mass coral bleaching occurred in 1994 and then again in the summers of 2002 and 2003, and the bleaching was severe enough to kill some corals. Bi-weekly surveys were made of the reefs at Airport Lagoon. During the peak of the summer bleaching, surveys were made at five other locations. The data given with this data set refer to the percent corals bleached within the survey area. Purpose: To understand the annual cycle and status in 2004 of coral bleaching at Airport Lagoon, American Samoa. Supplemental_Information: NOAA Supplemental:Entry_ID: Unknown Sensor_Name: SCUBA Source_Name: manual Project_Campaign: coral bleaching Originating_Center: Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa Storage_Medium: MS Word and Excel Online_size: 100 kbytes Resource Description: NODC Accession Number 0001955 Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20031210 Ending_Date: 20041205 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None Planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -170.8500 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -170.5500 North_Bounding_Coordinate: -14.2500 South_Bounding_Coordinate: -14.3833 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NCEI Geoportal Filter Theme_Keyword: CoRIS_Metadata Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Coastal studies Theme_Keyword: coral reef Theme_Keyword: coral bleaching Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: Numeric Data Sets > Habitats Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Coastal Habitat Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Coral Diseases > Bleaching Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Damage Assessment > Visual Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: biota Theme_Keyword: 002 Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: 014 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Tutuila Island > Alofau (14S170W0054) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > Tutuila Island > Alofau (14S170W0054) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Pago Pago Harbor > Faga'alu (14S170W0005) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > Tutuila Island > Faga'alu (14S170W0005) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Tutuila Island > Fagatele Bay (14S170W0002) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American Samoa > Tutuila Island > Fagatele Bay (14S170W0002) Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: South Pacific Place_Keyword: American Samoa Place_Keyword: Tutuila Island Place_Keyword: Nuu'uli Place_Keyword: Alofau Place_Keyword: Airport Lagoon Place_Keyword: Faga'alu Place_Keyword: Utelei Place_Keyword: Fagatele Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region Place_Keyword: AmSam Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Stratum_Keyword: Benthic Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: NOAA and NODC would appreciate recognition as the resource from which these data were obtained in any publications and/or other representations of these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Douglas Fenner Contact_Organization: Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa Contact_Position: Chief Biologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: PO Box 3730 City: Pago Pago State_or_Province: American Samoa Postal_Code: 96799 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 684 633 4456 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: douglasfenner@yahoo.com Data_Set_Credit: Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa Native_Data_Set_Environment: MS Word and Excel Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: see lineage, process step Completeness_Report: none Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: P. Craig Originator: C. Birkeland Originator: S. Belliveau Publication_Date: 2001 Title: High temperatures tolerated by a diverse assemblage of shallow-water corals in American Samoa Series_Information: Series_name: Coral Reefs Issue_Identification: 20: 185-189 Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2001 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Craig and others, 2001 Source_Contribution: temperature study Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: T. J. Goreau Originator: R. L. Hayes Publication_Date: 1994 Title: A survey of coral reef bleaching in the south central Pacific during 1994 Other_Citation_Details: Report to Coral Reef Intiative, U.S. Dept of State. 118 pp, 54 figures. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 1994 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Goreau and Hayes, 1994 Source_Contribution: coral reef bleaching study Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: A. Green Publication_Date: 2002 Title: Status of coral reefs on the main volcanic islands of American Samoa: a resurvey of long term monitoring sites (benthic communities, fish communities, and key macroinvertebrates) Other_Citation_Details: Report to Dept. Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa. 86 pp. Type_of_Source_Media: paper Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2002 Source_Currentness_Reference: publication date Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Green, 2002 Source_Contribution: coral reef status study Process_Step: Process_Description: The percentage of bleached colonies was estimated visually and mentally following a roughly one-hour swim in the lagoon along roughly the same path. The swimming rate was steady and moderate for a SCUBA diver wearing fins. This method results in course resolution. Accuracy subjectly estimated at 10-20%. Craig, P., Birkeland C, Belliveau S. 2001. High temperatures tolerated by a diverse assemblage of shallow-water corals in American Samoa. Coral Reefs 20: 185-189. Goreau, T. J., and Hayes, R. L. 1994. A survey of coral reef bleaching in the south central Pacific during 1994. Report to Coral Reef Intiative, U.S. Dept of State. 118 pp, 54 figures. Green, A. 2002. Status of coral reefs on the main volcanic islands of American Samoa: a resurvey of long term monitoring sites (benthic communities, fish communities, and key macroinvertebrates). Report to Dept. Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa. 86 pp. Process_Date: Unknown Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Douglas Fenner Contact_Organization: Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, American Samoa Contact_Position: Chief Biologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: PO Box 3730 City: Pago Pago State_or_Province: American Samoa Postal_Code: 96799 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 684 633 4456 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: douglasfenner@yahoo.com Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Original data received in MS Excel spreadsheet in file, ../../data/Bleaching.xls. A redundant ASCII copy was placed in ../../data/Bleaching.csv.The original report was provided in MS Word,../../data/2004_Bleaching_report.docwith a redundant ASCII copy in../../data/2004_Bleaching_report.txt Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/National Oceanographic Data Center Contact_Person: Data Access Group, User Services Team Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: SSMC-3 Fourth Floor Address: 1315 East West Highway City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: MD Postal_Code: 20910-3282 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3277 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-3302 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: services@nodc.noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NODC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: MS Word and Excel Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://accession.nodc.noaa.gov/1955 Fees: Prices vary depending on data set, output medium and ordering mechanism. A standard handling charge, with additional costs for special handling, may be added to the basic cost of the data. Ordering_Instructions: Prepayment by check, money order or bank card is required. Orders may be placed via fax, email, regular mail, telephone or via the NNDC Online Store. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20200329 Metadata_Review_Date: 20081113 Metadata_Future_Review_Date: 20060801 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell Contact_Organization: NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC Contact_Position: Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing Address: 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316 Address: Dept. of Oceanography Address: University of Hawaii at Manoa City: Honolulu State_or_Province: Hawaii Postal_Code: 96822 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (808)-956-4105 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (808) 956-2352 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: caldwell@hawaii.edu Hours_of_Service: 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays Contact_Instructions: check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 CoRIS: CoRIS_ID: 20081112102824 CoRIS_Children: None CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20031210 CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20041205 CoRIS_Metadata_Link: https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/nodc_0001955.html CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 2377