Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Remote Sensing Team Publication_Date: 20021231 Title: Shallow-water Benthic Habitats of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands from Aggregated Habitat Cover Maps Derived from High Resolution IKONOS Satellite Imagery (Draft) Edition: 1 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Silver Spring, MD Publisher: NOAA's Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) Online_Linkage: http://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/collections/benthic/e98nwhi/default.aspx Description: Abstract: Shallow-water, aggregated cover maps were produced by combining as many as four or more detailed habitat types into general cover categories. The original detailed habitat maps were produced by rule-based, semi- automated image analysis of high-resolution satellite imagery for nine locations in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. This project is a cooperative effort between the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to produce benthic habitat maps and georeferenced imagery for the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. This project was conducted in support of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. Purpose: The National Ocean Service is conducting research to digitally map biotic resources and coordinate a long-term monitoring program that can detect and predict change in U.S. coral reefs, and their associated habitats and biological communities. This project was conducted in support of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force (http://coralreef.gov). Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 2000 Ending_Date: 2001 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: none planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -179.00 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -160.00 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.00 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 22.00 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NCEI Geoportal Filter Theme_Keyword: CoRIS_Metadata Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: Geographic Information > Habitats Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > Habitat Mapping Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > Base map > Satellite Imagery Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Plants > Seagrass > Monitoring > Remote Sensing Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: coral Theme_Keyword: seagrass Theme_Keyword: SAV Theme_Keyword: reef Theme_Keyword: satellite imagery Theme_Keyword: benthic Theme_Keyword: habitat Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CRCP Project Theme_Keyword: Mapping Northwestern Hawaiian Island shallow water coral reef ecosystems Theme_Keyword: 1117 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: 010 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Kure Atoll (28N178W0001) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Midway Atoll (28N177W0001) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Midway Atoll (28N177W0001) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Gardner Pinnacles (25N168W0001) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Gardner Pinnacles (25N168W0001) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Pearl and Hermes Reef (27N176W0001) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Lisianski Island (25N173W0001) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Laysan Island (25N171W0001) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Laysan Island (25N171W0001) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Maro Reef (25N170W0001) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Maro Reef (25N170W0001) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > French Frigate Shoals (24N166W0001) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Necker Island (23N164W0001) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Necker Island (23N164W0001) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Northwestern Hawaiian Islands > Nihoa (23N161W0001) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Nihoa (23N161W0001) Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Place_Keyword: Kure Atoll Place_Keyword: Midway Atoll Place_Keyword: Gardner Pinnacles Place_Keyword: Pearl and Hermes Atoll Place_Keyword: Lisianski Island Place_Keyword: Laysan Island Place_Keyword: Maro Reef Place_Keyword: French Frigate Shoals Place_Keyword: Necker Island Place_Keyword: Nihoa Island Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region Place_Keyword: NWHI Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: These maps are NOT to be used for navigation. These aggregated cover maps of the shallow-water benthic habitats of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands have been reviewed by numerous decision makers and scientists familiar with the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands region. Although they represent the best available characterizations of the shallow-water coral reef ecosystems of this region the maps should be considered DRAFT versions. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Remote Sensing Team Contact_Position: Remote Sensing Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 1305 East West Highway, N/SP City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: Maryland Postal_Code: 20910 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3028 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-4384 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Richard.Stumpf@noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday to Friday, 0800 -1700, EST Data_Set_Credit: NOAA, University of Hawaii, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Statistical analysis to determine accuracy was performed using a subset of the 1,130 site specific benthic characterization data (376 points were used in the accuracy assessment) available for the NWHI. The overall accuracy of the aggregated cover maps was 72 percent (Kappa Statistic 0.59, Tau Coefficient 0.62), and ranged from 94 percent accuracy for unconsolidated sediment with little or no algae or seagrass to 9% for unconsolidated sediment with seagrass present. Correctly classifying benthic habitats that include algae and live coral was challenging. For example, it is difficult to separate Unconsolidated Rubble with dense (>50 percent cover) algae from Pavement with dense (>50 percent cover) algae. Also, it is difficult to separate Unconsolidated Rubble and Sand and Rubble from Pavement habitats. These challenges also were encountered when differentiating between the various habitats with live coral cover. The aggregated cover category Hardbottom with indeterminate cover was not included in the accuracy assessment. The aggregated Hardbottom with indeterminate cover includes those detailed habitat categories where a specific cover was not identified on the map, and no comparison to the field-based benthic characterization information could be performed. An assessment of the overall accuracy of the hardbottom and unconsolidated was performed. That analysis included habitat categories with indeterminate cover and their associated field-based benthic characterization data. That analysis revealed that these two habitats were correctly identified 82% and 90% of the time respectively. Logical_Consistency_Report: Multispectral satellite imagery was positioned using National Geodetic Survey ground control data for Kure Atoll, Midway Atoll, Pearl and Hermes Atoll, Lisianski Island, Laysan Island, French Frigate Shoals, and Nihoa Island. Satellite imagery of Necker Island was positioned using satellite ephemeris data. Satellite imagery of Maro Reef was positioned using a combination of satellite ephemeris data and supplemental bathymetry transect data. Once maps were positioned, validation was performed by comparison to repositioned vector shoreline data depicted on recently-revised NOS nautical charts. The draft classified benthic habitat maps were reviewed by scientists in Hawaii with first-hand local knowledge of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Comments were received and incorporated into draft maps. Draft maps also underwent a statistics-based accuracy assessment. Completeness_Report: High-resolution satellite imagery was analyzed using rule-based, semi-automated, digital image analysis techniques to produce benthic habitat maps of the Northwestern Hawaiian Island. In total, 1,130 site specific examples of the spectral and spatial characteristics of differing habitats were available and incorporated into the analysis process for the NWHI. The minimum mapping unit (MMU) for identifying habitats or features was 100 sq. m. Generally, features to a depth of approximately 30 m can be analyzed from the satellite imagery. Due to the depth of water surrounding Gardner Pinnacles, very little characterization of the benthic habitats of Gardner Pinnacles was possible. No satellite imagery was available for Gambia shoals. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Kure Atoll, Midway Atoll, Pearl and Hermes Atoll, Lisianski Island, Laysan Island, French Frigate Shoals, and Nihoa Island are positioned to within five (5) meters at sea level. Necker Island is positioned to within 15 meters at sea level. Maro Reef is positioned to within eight (8) meters at sea level. Spatial data meets or exceeds national map accuracy standards for fixed features. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: none reported Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Space Imaging Publication_Date: 2002 Title: IKONOS Panchromatic and Multispectral Imagery for the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Edition: 1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Thornton, CO Publisher: Space Imaging Other_Citation_Details: Acquisition_Date: Gardner Pinnacles (2 swaths; 20001014) Acquisition_Date: Kure Atoll (2 swaths; first acquisition; 20001120) Acquisition_Date: Kure Atoll (2 swaths; second acquisition; 20010926) Acquisition_Date: Laysan Island (swaths 1 and 3; 20010124) Acquisition_Date: Laysan Island (swath 2; 20010215) Acquisition_Date: French Frigate Shoals (first acquisition; 4 swaths; 20001011) Acquisition_Date: French Frigate Shoals(second acquisition; swaths 1, 2, and 3; 20010911) Acquisition_Date: French Frigate Shoals (second acquisition; swath 4; 20010919) Acquisition_Date: Midway Atoll (swath 1; 20010122) Acquisition_Date: Midway Atoll (swath 2; 20010318) Acquisition_Date: Lisianski Island (3 swaths; 20001012) Acquisition_Date: Nihoa (swath 1; 20010109) Acquisition_Date: Nihoa (swath 2; 20010120) Acquisition_Date: Nihoa (swath 3; 20010418) Acquisition_Date: Pearl and Hermes Atoll (3 swaths; 20010119) Acquisition_Date: Maro Reef (3 swaths; 20010724) Acquisition_Date: Necker Island (2 swaths; 20010126) Type_of_Source_Media: IKONOS high-resolution satellite imagery Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 2000 Ending_Date: 2001 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NOAA/NOS/benthic characterization data Source_Contribution: High resolution satellite imagery was analyzed to produce benthic habitat maps of the Northwestern Hawaiian Island. Process_Step: Process_Description: High-resolution satellite imagery was analyzed using rule-based, semi-automated, digital image analysis techniques to produce benthic habitat maps of the Northwestern Hawaiian Island. Shallow-water, aggregated habitat cover maps were produced by combining (aggregating) as many as four or more detailed habitat categories into generalized cover habitat types. The list of these aggregated cover types and those detailed habitat categories included in each aggregation are presented below. Following careful evaluation of the digital satellite imagery, selected sites were visited in the field for typological validation. This validation included: (1) areas in the satellite imagery with confusing or difficult to interpret spectral signatures, (2) transects across many representative habitat types occurring in different depths and water conditions, (3) a survey of the Zones, and (4) confirmation of preliminary habitat delineations after a first draft habitat map was produced. Navigating to field sites was accomplished in a variety of ways including uploading position coordinates from the mosaic into an onboard GPS and navigating to those waypoints, using an onboard PC connected to GPS allowing navigation using digital nautical charts or the mosaic, and visual navigation using landmarks visible in the satellite imagery. On most occasions, field activities were conducted with the guidance of local experts. Satellite imagery was used in the field to facilitate comparison of signatures in the imagery to actual habitats at each site. Individual sites were visually evaluated by snorkeling and free diving or directly from the boat in shallow, clear water. Habitat transitions were evaluated by swimming transects across habitat types to further guide placement of habitat boundaries. Habitat type(s), zone, approximate depth, position (GPS), image number, and other descriptive information were recorded at each site. Field data for each site were then compiled into a text table with GPS position fields to allow overlay of the field information on the mosaic and habitat maps. Where depth and water clarity permitted, the satellite images were used to navigate across multiple bottom features allowing continuous confirmation of habitat types and transitions between each site. Process_Date: 2002 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Remote Sensing Team Contact_Position: Remote Sensing Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 1305 East West Highway, N/SP City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: Maryland Postal_Code: 20910 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3028 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-4384 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Richard.Stumpf@noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday to Friday, 0800 -1700, EST Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 1 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -177 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 4 Ordinate_Resolution: 4 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 2 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -171 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 4 Ordinate_Resolution: 4 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 3 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -165 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 4 Ordinate_Resolution: 4 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 4 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -159 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 0.0 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 4 Ordinate_Resolution: 4 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80, WGS84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.25 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Aggregated Habitat Cover Classification Scheme Entity_Type_Definition: The aggregated habitat cover classification scheme was designed to provide information on substrate (hardbottom or unconsolidated) and habitat cover (coral, Crustose coralline algae, macroalgae/seagrass, or uncolonized) found in the NWHI. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute: Attribute_Label: Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Classification Scheme Attribute_Definition: Benthic features were assigned one of thirty habitat types ranging from sand to coral. A complete description of these classification categories can be found in the NWHI_class_scheme.pdf (http://ccmaserver.nos.noaa.gov/rsd/products/pdf/NWHI_class_scheme.pdf). RESULTS AGGREGATED COVER TYPE: Habitat_name, Numeric_value, Red_color_value, Green_color_value, Blue_color_value RESULTS DETAILED HABITAT TYPE: Habitat_name, Habitat_classification_code Attribute_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Team Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Habitat_name Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: The name of the benthic habitat identified and depicted. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Habitat_classification_code Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: A hierarchical, 4-digit code assigned to each habitat type. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Numeric_value Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: A two- or three-digit numeric value assigned to each habitat type. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Red_color_value Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: A numeric value ranging from 0-255 assigned to the red channel of the RGB color palette. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Green_color_value Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: A numeric value ranging from 0-255 assigned to the green channel of the RGB color palette. Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Blue_color_value Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: A numeric value ranging from 0-255 assigned to the blue channel of the RGB color palette Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute: Attribute_Label: Hardbottom with >10% live coral, 23, 240, 164, 164 Attribute_Definition: Included all classes in the hardbottom substrate category that had more than 10 percent live coral cover. Hardbottom that was not classified with respect to structure (class 2020), but which had live coral, was also included in this category. Bottom habitat consisting of mixtures of live coral, crustose coralline algae and macroalgae also dell into this category as long as there was enough live coral to meet the 10 percent threshold. Attribute_Definition_Source: Aggregated Cover Type Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Hardbottom with live coral (>10% cover)* (2010) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Linear Reef with live coral (>10% cover)* (2110) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Aggregated Coral Heads with live coral (>10% cover)* (2210) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Patch Reef with live coral (>10% cover)* (2410) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Aggregated Patch Reef with live coral (>10% cover)* (2510) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Scattered Coral/Rock in sand with live coral (>10% cover)* (2610) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with live coral (>10% cover)* (2710) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with live coral (>10% cover) and dense (>50% cover) algae* (2712) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with sand channels and live coral (>10% cover)* (2810) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Volcanic Rock with live coral (>10% cover)* (2910) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute: Attribute_Label: Hardbottom with >10% crustose coralline algae,29,255,111,111 Attribute_Definition: Included all classes in the hardbottom substrate category that had more than 10 percent live crustose coralline algal cover, but not more than ten percent live coral cover. Bottom habitats with a mixture of crustose coralline algae, live coral (not more than 10 percent) and macroalgae fell in this category if there was enough crustose coralline algae to meet the 10 percent threshold. Attribute_Definition_Source: Aggregated Cover Type Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Hardbottom with crustose coralline algae (>10% cover)* (2030) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Linear Reef with crustose coralline algae (>10% cover)* (2130) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Patch Reef with crustose coralline algae (>10% cover)* (2430) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with crustose coralline algae (>10% cover)* (2730) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute: Attribute_Label: Hardbottom (uncolonized),26,150,150,150 Attribute_Definition: Included all classes in the hardbottom substrate category that had less than 10 percent live coral cover, crustose coralline algal cover or macroalgal cover. Attribute_Definition_Source: Aggregated Cover Type Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Hardbottom, uncolonized* (2020) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Linear Reef, uncolonized* (2120) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Patch Reef, uncolonized* (2420) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement, uncolonized* (2720) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with sand channels, uncolonized* (2820) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Volcanic Rock, uncolonized* (2920) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Attribute: Attribute_Label: Hardbottom with >10% macroalgae,22,240,164,164 Attribute_Definition: Included all classes in the hardbottom substrate category that had more than 10 percent macroalgae, but not more than 10 percent live coral cover or 10 percent crustose coralline algal cover. Typically these habitats also had a high percentage of turf algal cover. Attribute_Definition_Source: Aggregated Cover Type Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Hardbottom with sparse (10-50% cover) algae* (2001) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Linear Reef, uncolonized with sparse (10-50% cover) algae* (2121) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Patch Reef, uncolonized with sparse (10-50% cover) algae* (2421) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with sparse (10-50% cover) algae* (2701) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with dense (>50% cover) algae* (2702) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with live coral (>10% cover) and dense (>50% cover) algae* (2712) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement, uncolonized with dense (>50% cover) algae* (2722) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS- Biogeography Program Attribute: Attribute_Label: Hardbottom with indeterminate cover,20,120,120,120 Attribute_Definition: Included all classes in the hardbottom substrate category for which a specific bottom cover was not identified. Included were area classified only to the first or second level of the detailed classification scheme. Attribute_Definition_Source: Aggregated Cover Type Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Hardbottom* (2000) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Linear Reef* (2100) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Spur and Groove* (2300) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Individual Patch Reef* (2400) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Aggregated Patch Reef* (2500) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement* (2700) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Volcanic Rock* (2900) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Pavement with Sand Channels* (2800) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute: Attribute_Label: Unconsolidated with 10% or less macroalgae or seagrass,10,229,207,95 Attribute_Definition: Included all classes in the unconsolidated substrate category with not more than 10 percent cover of live submerged vegetation (macroalgae/seagrass). Attribute_Definition_Source: Aggregated Cover Type Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Unconsolidated sediment* (1000) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sand* (1100) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Unconsolidated rubble* (1300) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sand and rubble* (1400) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Groove* (1500) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute: Attribute_Label: Unconsolidated with >10% macroalgae or seagrass,220,0,128,64 Attribute_Definition: Included all classes in the unconsolidated substrate category with more than 10 percent cover of live submerged vegetation (macroalgae/seagrass). Seagrass was very uncommon in NWHI (only a small area was found at Midway during the field survey) and was not identified on any of the habitat maps. Attribute_Definition_Source: Aggregated Cover Sites Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sand with macroalgae* (1120) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sand with patchy (10-50% cover) macroalgae* (1121) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Sand with dense (>50% cover) macroalgae* (1122) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Unconsolidated Rubble with sparse (10-50% cover) algae* (1301) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: Unconsolidated Rubble with dense (>50% cover) algae* (1302) Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Detailed Habitat Type Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute: Attribute_Label: Deep water,240,0,70,130 Attribute_Definition: Areas where the bottom cannot be detected (identified) in the imagery. In most cases, this occurs in water more than 30 m deep. Attribute_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: User defined - Detailed Habitat Type Attribute: Attribute_Label: Land,250,170,115,0 Attribute_Definition: Areas determined to be above the water line in the imagery at the time the imagery was acquired. Attribute_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: User defined - Detailed Habitat Type Attribute: Attribute_Label: Unclassified (e.g., cloud, cloud shadow, surf),255,70,0,80 Attribute_Definition: Areas where the bottom type is unclassified because of turbidity in the water, surface glint, or other types of interference. This category also includes areas where the seabed cannot be classified due to a lack of supplemental field-based information of for other reasons. Attribute_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: User defined - Detailed Habitat Type Attribute: Attribute_Label: No Data,4000,0,0,0 Attribute_Definition: Referes to areas within the geographic bounds of the habitat map that lie outside the bounds of the aquired imagery. This is not a habitat category in the classification scheme. Attribute_Definition_Source: NOS - Biogeography Program Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: User defined Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Remote Sensing Team Contact_Position: Remote Sensing Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 1305 East West Highway, N/SP City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: Maryland Postal_Code: 20910 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3028 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-4384 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Richard.Stumpf@noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday to Friday, 0800 -1700, EST Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: Not to be used for navigation. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: geotiff Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/collections/benthic/e98nwhi/default.aspx Offline_Option: Offline_Media: CD-ROM Recording_Format: ISO 9660 Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: geotiff Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/collections/benthic/e98nwhi/default.aspx Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20200329 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Remote Sensing Team Contact_Position: Remote Sensing Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 1305 East West Highway, N/SP City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: Maryland Postal_Code: 20910 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3028 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-4384 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Richard.Stumpf@noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: Monday to Friday, 0800 -1700, EST Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 CoRIS: CoRIS_ID: 20040206091424 CoRIS_Children: None CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20000101 CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20011231 CoRIS_Metadata_Link: https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/nwhi_aggregated_benthic_habitat_maps_2002.html CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 428