Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
200705
CRED Cumulative Map of Percent Scleractinian Coral Cover at Howland Island, 2002-2004
digital image
http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_pria_how_optical.htm
ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/optical/howland/how_toad.jpg
This map displays optical validation observation locations and percent coverage of scleractinian coral overlaid on bathymetry.
To display locations of optical validation data collected and percent coverage of scleractinian coral at Howland Island.
Howland, a low-lying 1.84 sq.km. island in the Pacific Remote Island Area (PRIA), is the northernmost of the Phoenix Islands. Centered at 00.48'N, 176.38'W, it is within one degree latitude of the equator. It lies within an arid zone of the tropical Pacific, with insufficient groundwater and rainfall to support continuous human habitation. Although Howland was uninhabited at the time of its discovery by Western sailors, Polynesians probably visited it periodically over many centuries to harvest fish and wildlife. The lack of human habitation allowed Howland's coral reefs to remain completely pristine until the early 20th century. Even today it lies beyond the influence of urban centers, associated pollutants and major shipping lanes. In 1857, Howland was claimed by the U.S. under the Guano Act. A short-lived colonization attempt was made between 1935 and World War II, but was abandoned thereafter. The famed American aviatrix Amelia EARHART disappeared while seeking out Howland Island as a refueling stop during her 1937 round-the-world flight; Earhart Light, a day beacon near the middle of the west coast, was named in her memory. A no-take island and marine protected area National Wildlife Refuge administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Howland is under the joint jurisdiction of the Departments of Interior and Commerce. Ocean currents transport and distribute larvae among and between different atolls and islands, and particularly in the Pacific equatorial region, define sea surface temperatures
(SSTs) and available nutrient regimes. The North Equatorial Current (NEC), Equatorial Counter Current (ECC), Equatorial Undercurrent or Cromwell Current (EUC), and South Equatorial Current (SEC) provide the mechanism by which many species are distributed among the PRIAs, nearby central Pacific islands, the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI), as well as other distant regions.
Cruises CoRIS Metadata Record Names
TC0201 cred_toad_howland_2002
OES0401 cred_toad_howland_2004
Resource Description: Digital video images that are geo-referenced to navigation files.
2002
2004
ground condition
As needed
-176.64
-176.60
0.84
0.78
NCEI Geoportal FilterCoRIS_MetadataCRCP ProjectBenthic Habitat Mapping and Characterization - American Samoa and PRIA1084
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat
EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Mapping
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Coral Cover
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs
CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
Map Images > Habitats
ISO 19115 Topic Category
environment
007
biota
002
None
Synthesis Map
TC0201, OES0401
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Howland Island > Howland Island (00S176W0001)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Howland Island (00S176W0001)
None
Pacific Remote Islands Area
CoRIS Region
PRIA
None
Please acknowledge the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
as the source of this information.
Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
John Rooney
mailing and physical address
NOAA IRC
NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
Honolulu
HI
96818
808 725-5360
808 725-5429
nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
e-mail preferred
http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/PRIAs_images/how_toad_445px.jpg
This map displays optical validation observation locations and percent coverage of scleractinian coral overlaid on bathymetry.
JPEG
Benthic Habitat Mapping Group, Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science
Center (PIFSC), NOAA
Not applicable
Unclassified
Not applicable
Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
John Rooney
mailing and physical address
NOAA IRC
NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
Honolulu
HI
96818
808 725-5360
808 725-5429
nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
e-mail preferred
Downloadable Data
These data are not to be used for navigational purposes. NOAA makes no warranty regarding
these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA cannot assume
liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these
data to function on a particular system.
JPEG
http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_pria_how_optical.htm
ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/optical/howland/how_toad.jpg
None
20200329
20080905
Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
CRED Data Management Team
mailing and physical address
NOAA IRC
NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
Honolulu
HI
96818
808 725-5360
808 725-5429
nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
e-mail preferred
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998
Local Time
None
None
20080905031217
None
20020101
20041231
https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/cred_toad_map_howland_2002_2004.html
2193