Title:
CRED REA Reef Fish Assessment Survey at Kauai Island, Main Hawaiian Islands in 2008
Abstract:
To support a long-term NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) for sustainable management and conservation of coral reef ecosystems, from 16 October - 14 November 2008, reef fish assessment surveys were conducted, as a part of Rapid Ecological Assessments (REA), during the Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (RAMP) Cruise OES0810 in the Main Hawaiian Islands at biennial intervals by the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) at the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC). During the cruise, 24 REA sites were surveyed at Kauai Island in the Main Hawaiian Islands.
At the specific REA sites, fish biologists along with coral biologists, algal biologists and marine invertebrate zoologist entered the water and conducted a fine-scale (~300 m2) and high degree of taxonomic resolution REA survey to assess and monitor species composition, abundance, percent cover, size distribution, diversity, and general health of fish, corals, macro-invertebrates, and algae in shallow-water (< 35 m) habitats.
Reef fish assessment surveys were focused on cataloging the diversity (species richness), abundance (numeric density [# fish 100 m-2] and biomass density [kg 100 m-2]) of diurnally active reef fish assemblages. Three complementary noninvasive underwater survey methods were used, including belt-transect, stationary point count, and roving-diver surveys. For all methods, fish were identified at the species level, when possible, and assigned to a size bin ranging from 1 to 200 cm based on a visual estimate of total fish length.
Belt-transect (BLT) surveys were used to quantify the entire diurnal fish community (all size classes). In belt-transect surveys, two fish biologists swam side-by-side along three consecutively-placed, 25m transect lines. The BLT team swam each transect two times. During the initial swim-out, each fish diver recorded all fish larger than 20 cm observed within a 4-m wide belt perpendicular to their respective side of the transect (200 m2 area per line, 100 m2 per diver). On the return swim, each fish diver recorded all fish less than 20 cm observed within a 2-m wide belt (100 m2 area per line, 50 m2 per diver). The survey of large fish took approximately 5 min to complete while the survey of smaller fish took about 10 min to complete. All reef-associated fish, including those in the water column (including planktivores), were counted. Any coastal pelagic species (e.g., clupeids [sardines], belonids [beakfish], antherinids [silversides]) seen near the surface were not recorded.
The stationary point count (SPC) method were used to quantify larger, more mobile reef fish species that can be missed on belt-transect surveys. In stationary point count survey, a fish biologist swam approximately 15 m away from a transect line concurrently being surveyed by the other two BLT fish biologists. The SPC biologist then recorded all fish greater than 25 cm in length that passed within a visually estimated 20-m diameter cylinder centered on the diver's fixed position (10-m radius, total area = 314 m2). The survey time for each stationary point count survey was 5 min and a total of four stationary point count surveys were conducted at each REA site.
Roving-diver surveys were followed belt-transect and stationary point count surveys. As diver bottom time permitted, the fish assessment team conducted random swim surveys throughout the REA site area, recording, to the species level or the lowest recognizable taxon, the presence of reef fish not encountered during previous methods.
Supplemental_Information:
Maximum depth was 25 meters.
Fish species observed:
Year Region Island Species TaxonName
2008 MHI Kauai ABAB Abudefduf abdominalis
2008 MHI Kauai ABSO Abudefduf sordidus
2008 MHI Kauai ABVA Abudefduf vaigiensis
2008 MHI Kauai ACAC Acanthurus achilles
2008 MHI Kauai ACBL Acanthurus blochii
2008 MHI Kauai ACDU Acanthurus dussumieri
2008 MHI Kauai ACLE Acanthurus leucopareius
2008 MHI Kauai ACNC Acanthurus nigricans
2008 MHI Kauai ACNF Acanthurus nigrofuscus
2008 MHI Kauai ACNR Acanthurus nigroris
2008 MHI Kauai ACOL Acanthurus olivaceus
2008 MHI Kauai ACTR Acanthurus triostegus
2008 MHI Kauai ACXA Acanthurus xanthopterus
2008 MHI Kauai ALSC Aluterus scriptus
2008 MHI Kauai ANCU Anampses cuvier
2008 MHI Kauai APFU Aphareus furca
2008 MHI Kauai APKA Apogon kallopterus
2008 MHI Kauai APAR Apolemichthys arcuatus
2008 MHI Kauai APVI Aprion virescens
2008 MHI Kauai ARME Arothron meleagris
2008 MHI Kauai AUCH Aulostomus chinensis
2008 MHI Kauai BOBI Bodianus bilunulatus
2008 MHI Kauai CACA Calotomus carolinus
2008 MHI Kauai CADU Cantherhines dumerilii
2008 MHI Kauai CASA Cantherhines sandwichiensis
2008 MHI Kauai CAAM Canthigaster amboinensis
2008 MHI Kauai CACO Canthigaster coronata
2008 MHI Kauai CAJA Canthigaster jactator
2008 MHI Kauai CATY Caracanthus typicus
2008 MHI Kauai CAFE Carangoides ferdau
2008 MHI Kauai CAME Caranx melampygus
2008 MHI Kauai CEFI Centropyge fisheri
2008 MHI Kauai CEPO Centropyge potteri
2008 MHI Kauai CEAR Cephalopholis argus
2008 MHI Kauai CHAU Chaetodon auriga
2008 MHI Kauai CHFR Chaetodon fremblii
2008 MHI Kauai CHKL Chaetodon kleinii
2008 MHI Kauai CHLU Chaetodon lunula
2008 MHI Kauai CHMI Chaetodon miliaris
2008 MHI Kauai CHMU Chaetodon multicinctus
2008 MHI Kauai CHOR Chaetodon ornatissimus
2008 MHI Kauai CHQU Chaetodon quadrimaculatus
2008 MHI Kauai CHUN Chaetodon unimaculatus
2008 MHI Kauai CHPE Chlorurus perspicillatus
2008 MHI Kauai CHSO Chlorurus sordidus
2008 MHI Kauai CHAG Chromis agilis
2008 MHI Kauai CHHA Chromis hanui
2008 MHI Kauai CHOV Chromis ovalis
2008 MHI Kauai CHVA Chromis vanderbilti
2008 MHI Kauai CHVE Chromis verater
2008 MHI Kauai CIFA Cirrhitops fasciatus
2008 MHI Kauai CIPI Cirrhitus pinnulatus
2008 MHI Kauai CIVA Cirripectes vanderbilti
2008 MHI Kauai COFL Coris flavovittata
2008 MHI Kauai COGA Coris gaimard
2008 MHI Kauai COVE Coris venusta
2008 MHI Kauai CTST Ctenochaetus strigosus
2008 MHI Kauai DAAL Dascyllus albisella
2008 MHI Kauai DEMA Decapterus macarellus
2008 MHI Kauai FICO Fistularia commersonii
2008 MHI Kauai FOFL Forcipiger flavissimus
2008 MHI Kauai GOVA Gomphosus varius
2008 MHI Kauai GUCU Gunnellichthys curiosus
2008 MHI Kauai GYFL Gymnothorax flavimarginatus
2008 MHI Kauai GYME Gymnothorax meleagris
2008 MHI Kauai HAOR Halichoeres ornatissimus
2008 MHI Kauai HEDI Heniochus diphreutes
2008 MHI Kauai HECR Heteropriacanthus cruentatus
2008 MHI Kauai CHUB Kyphosidae sp
2008 MHI Kauai KYCI Kyphosus cinerascens
2008 MHI Kauai KYHA Kyphosus hawaiiensis
2008 MHI Kauai KYSA Kyphosus sandwicensis
2008 MHI Kauai LAPH Labroides phthirophagus
2008 MHI Kauai LUFU Lutjanus fulvus
2008 MHI Kauai LUKA Lutjanus kasmira
2008 MHI Kauai MAGE Macropharyngodon geoffroy
2008 MHI Kauai MABR Malacanthus brevirostris
2008 MHI Kauai MENI Melichthys niger
2008 MHI Kauai MEVI Melichthys vidua
2008 MHI Kauai MOGR Monotaxis grandoculis
2008 MHI Kauai MUFL Mulloidichthys flavolineatus
2008 MHI Kauai MUVA Mulloidichthys vanicolensis
2008 MHI Kauai MYBE Myripristis berndti
2008 MHI Kauai MYKU Myripristis kuntee
2008 MHI Kauai NABR Naso brevirostris
2008 MHI Kauai NAHE Naso hexacanthus
2008 MHI Kauai NALI Naso lituratus
2008 MHI Kauai NASP Naso sp
2008 MHI Kauai NAUN Naso unicornis
2008 MHI Kauai NONE no individuals seen
2008 MHI Kauai NOTA Novaculichthys taeniourus
2008 MHI Kauai OPPU Oplegnathus punctatus
2008 MHI Kauai OSME Ostracion meleagris
2008 MHI Kauai OXBI Oxycheilinus bimaculatus
2008 MHI Kauai OXUN Oxycheilinus unifasciatus
2008 MHI Kauai PAAR Paracirrhites arcatus
2008 MHI Kauai PAFO Paracirrhites forsteri
2008 MHI Kauai PASC Parapercis schauinslandii
2008 MHI Kauai PACY Parupeneus cyclostomus
2008 MHI Kauai PAIN Parupeneus insularis
2008 MHI Kauai PAMU Parupeneus multifasciatus
2008 MHI Kauai PAPL Parupeneus pleurostigma
2008 MHI Kauai PAPO Parupeneus porphyreus
2008 MHI Kauai PLEW Plagiotremus ewaensis
2008 MHI Kauai PLGO Plagiotremus goslinei
2008 MHI Kauai PLIM Plectroglyphidodon imparipennis
2008 MHI Kauai PLJO Plectroglyphidodon johnstonianus
2008 MHI Kauai PRME Priacanthus meeki
2008 MHI Kauai PSBI Pseudanthias bicolor
2008 MHI Kauai PSEV Pseudocheilinus evanidus
2008 MHI Kauai PSOC Pseudocheilinus octotaenia
2008 MHI Kauai PSTE Pseudocheilinus tetrataenia
2008 MHI Kauai PSCE Pseudojuloides cerasinus
2008 MHI Kauai PTHE Ptereleotris heteroptera
2008 MHI Kauai RHRE Rhinecanthus rectangulus
2008 MHI Kauai SADI Sargocentron diadema
2008 MHI Kauai SAXA Sargocentron xantherythrum
2008 MHI Kauai SCPS Scarus psittacus
2008 MHI Kauai SCRU Scarus rubroviolaceus
2008 MHI Kauai SCSP Scarus sp
2008 MHI Kauai SECO Sebastapistes coniorta
2008 MHI Kauai SEDU Seriola dumerili
2008 MHI Kauai STFA Stegastes fasciolatus
2008 MHI Kauai STBA Stethojulis balteata
2008 MHI Kauai SUBU Sufflamen bursa
2008 MHI Kauai SUFR Sufflamen fraenatum
2008 MHI Kauai THBA Thalassoma ballieui
2008 MHI Kauai THDU Thalassoma duperrey
2008 MHI Kauai THPU Thalassoma purpureum
2008 MHI Kauai THQU Thalassoma quinquevittatum
2008 MHI Kauai THTR Thalassoma trilobatum
2008 MHI Kauai ZACO Zanclus cornutus
2008 MHI Kauai ZEFL Zebrasoma flavescens