Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Publication_Date: 200705 Title: CRED Cumulative Map of Percent Scleractinian Coral Cover at Palmyra Atoll, 2002-2004 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital image Online_Linkage: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_pria_pal_optical.htm Online_Linkage: ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/optical/palmyra/pal_toad.jpg Description: Abstract: This map displays optical validation observation locations and percent coverage of scleractinian coral overlaid on bathymetry. Purpose: To display locations of optical validation data collected and percent coverage of scleractinian coral at Palmyra Atoll. Supplemental_Information: Palmyra, a low-lying, 12 sq.km. atoll in the Pacific Remote Island Area (PRIA), is a member of the Line Islands and is centered around 55.3'N, 162.05'W. Its lush vegetation and fresh water table makes it unique among the PRIA islands. Although Palmyra was unhabited at the time of its discovery by Western sailors and lacks archaeological remains, Polynesians probably visited it periodically over many centuries to harvest fish and wildlife. The lack of human habitation allowed Palmyra's coral reefs to remain completely pristine until the early 20th century. Even today it lies beyond the influence of urban centers, associated pollutants and major shipping lanes. In 1856, Palmyra was claimed by the U.S. under the Guano Act. During World War II, the U.S. constructed a military base on Palmyra, dredging out a harbor in the the atoll's lagoon and building a causeway across the lagoon which limited the natural circulation within the lagoon. A National Wildlife Refuge administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, limited catch-and-release sport fishing and fishing for local consumption are allowed. Palmyra is under the joint jurisdiction of the Departments of Interior and Commerce and The Nature Conservancy. Ocean currents transport and distribute larvae among and between different atolls and islands, and particularly in the Pacific equatorial region, define sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and available nutrient regimes. The North Equatorial Current (NEC), Equatorial Counter Current (ECC), Equatorial Undercurrent or Cromwell Current (EUC), and South Equatorial Current (SEC) provide the mechanism by which many species are distributed among the PRIAs, nearby central Pacific islands, the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI), as well as other distant regions. Cruises CoRIS Metadata Record Names TC0201 cred_toad_palmyra_2002 OES0404 cred_toad_palmyra_2004 Resource Description: Digital video images that are geo-referenced to navigation files. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 2002 Ending_Date: 2004 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -162.20 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -161.99 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.91 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 5.85 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CRCP Project Theme_Keyword: Benthic Habitat Mapping and Characterization - American Samoa and PRIA Theme_Keyword: 1084 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef monitoring and assessment > Mapping Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Coral Cover Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: Map Images > Habitats Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: 007 Theme_Keyword: biota Theme_Keyword: 002 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Synthesis Map Theme_Keyword: TC0201, OES0404 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Line Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Palmyra Atoll (05N162W0001) Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Pacific Remote Islands Area Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region Place_Keyword: PRIA Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Please acknowledge the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center as the source of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Contact_Person: John Rooney Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: NOAA IRC Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96818 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/PRIAs_images/pal_toad_445px.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: This map displays optical validation observation locations and percent coverage of scleractinian coral overlaid on bathymetry. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Set_Credit: Benthic Habitat Mapping Group, Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA Security_Information: Security_Classification_System: Not applicable Security_Classification: Unclassified Security_Handling_Description: Not applicable Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Contact_Person: John Rooney Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: NOAA IRC Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96818 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: These data are not to be used for navigational purposes. NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: JPEG Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_pria_pal_optical.htm Network_Resource_Name: ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/optical/palmyra/pal_toad.jpg Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20170124 Metadata_Review_Date: 20080905 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Contact_Person: CRED Data Management Team Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: NOAA IRC Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96818 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: Local Time Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: None CoRIS: CoRIS_ID: 20080905025020 CoRIS_Children: None CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20020101 CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20041231 CoRIS_Metadata_Link: https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/cred_toad_map_palmyra_2002_2004.html CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 2203