Identification_Information: 
  Citation: 
    Citation_Information: 
      Originator: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
      Publication_Date: 20100701
      Title: Bathymetric  Bathymetric Position Index (BPI) Zones 20 m grid derived from gridded
        bathymetry of Johnston Island, Pacific Remote Island Areas, Central Pacific.
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
      Online_Linkage: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc
      Online_Linkage: https://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/cms/data-by-location/pacific-remote-island-area/johnston-atoll/johnston-atoll-geomorphology/
  Description: 
    Abstract: BPI Zones are derived from gridded (20 m cell size) multibeam
      bathymetry, collected aboard R/V AHI and NOAA ship Hi'ialakai.
      BPI Zones was created using the Benthic Terrain Modeler (https://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/tools/btm.html).
      Cell values represent one of 4 classes (crest, depression, slope, flat) in an index of seafloor terrains.
      This data set is for Swains Island, American Samoa.
    Purpose: The data were derived in support of NOAA Coral Reef Conservation
      Program goals. Goal 1 is to map all U.S. Coral Reef Ecosystems.
      This data set specifically addresses Objective 1 and 4: to develop
      high-resolution benthic maps and to characterize priority deep
      water reefs and associated habitats.  This derivative of bathymetry
      provides a GIS layer that may be used for benthic and essential fish
      habitat characterization, and for the study of geologic features.
      By combining the dataset with bathymetry, backscatter, other
      derivatives, and in situ data, they collectively compose benthic
      habitat maps which are designed to be used to understand and predict
      moderate depth (~20m - 150m) benthic habitats for different
      organisms that inhabit coral reef ecosystems.
    Supplemental_Information: Gridded multibeam data were collected aboard the R/V AHI
      (Acoustic Habitat Investigator), a 25' survey launch owned and
      operated by the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center in
      Honolulu, HI and the 218' NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai. The process for deriving the
      gridded (20 m cell size) multibeam data is described in Johnston_20m.asc.txt.
      The resulting grid (Johnston_20m.grd) was used to produce the BPI Zones.
      References:
      Lundblad et al., 2006, A benthic terrain classification scheme for
      American Samoa, Marine Geodesy, 29(2):89 - 111.
      https://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/tools/btm.html
  Time_Period_of_Content: 
    Time_Period_Information: 
      Range_of_Dates/Times: 
        Beginning_Date: 20060118
        Ending_Date: 20060123
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status: 
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
  Spatial_Domain: 
    Bounding_Coordinates: 
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -169.695161
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -169.270155
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 16.883695
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 16.572806
  Keywords: 
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NCEI Geoportal Filter
      Theme_Keyword: CoRIS_Metadata
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CRCP Project
      Theme_Keyword: Benthic Habitat Mapping and Characterization - American Samoa and the U.S. Pacific Remote Island Area
      Theme_Keyword: 1084
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
      Theme_Keyword: 010
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: Geographic Information > Habitats
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > geomorphology Mapping
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat > Description
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Bathymetry
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Bathymetric Position Index Zones
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Johnston Atoll > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > USA Minor Outlying Islands > Johnston Atoll (16N169W0001)
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region
      Place_Keyword: PRIA
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: These data are not to be used for navigation purposes.
    Please acknowledge the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
    (PIFSC) Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) and the Pacific Islands
    Benthic Habitat Mapping Center, and the Joint Institute for Marine
    and Atmospheric Research (JIMAR) and School of Ocean and Earth
    Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawaii as the sources
    of this information.
  Point_of_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: NOAA IRC
        Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
        Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: HI
        Postal_Code: 96818
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
      Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
  Browse_Graphic: 
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/PRIAs_images/Johnston_20m_BPIZones_445.jpg
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Gridded Bathymetry Derivative
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
  Data_Set_Credit: NOAA PIFSC CRED and the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center, JIMAR and SOEST
  Security_Information: 
    Security_Classification_System: Not applicable
    Security_Classification: Unclassified
    Security_Handling_Description: Not applicable
Data_Quality_Information: 
  Attribute_Accuracy: 
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Data are collected for resource
      management and research purposes and are tested for
      internal consistency; however, no effort is made to compare
      these data to external references or to other published data.
  Logical_Consistency_Report: These data are believed to be logically
    consistent though no tests were performed
  Completeness_Report: Complete
  Positional_Accuracy: 
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal positioning system: GPS C/A
        Horizontal position accuracy: 25 meters
    Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: 
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Range resolution of sonar: varies with depth
        Raw sounding resolution: varies with depth
        Vertical accuracy of gridded product ~ 1% of water depth
  Lineage: 
    Process_Step: 
      Process_Description: Bathymetric Position Index Zones were derived from the gridded
        multibeam bathymetry (Johnston_20m) using the Benthic Terrain Modeler
        (BTM). The BTM (written for ArcGIS 8.x or 9.x) may be downloaded from
        http://dusk2.geo.orst.edu/djl/samoa/tools.html.
        BPI Zones are derived from a focal mean analysis on bathymetry and slope. After testing
        3 different scalefactors, a scalefactor of 400 was chosen as best identifying broad scale
        zones for Johnston Island while minimizing noise and optimizing possible reef structures (also
        after Lundblad et al. 2006; see Supplemental_Information).  Two
        ranges of slope define flat, and slope: x < 5; and x > 5. There may be edge effects at the
        outer extent of the data.
      Process_Date: 20100701
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information: 
    Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
    Row_Count: 2253
    Column_Count: 1703
    Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information: 
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: 
    Planar: 
      Grid_Coordinate_System: 
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
        Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 
          UTM_Zone_Number: 2
          Transverse_Mercator: 
            Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -177
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
            False_Easting: 500000
            False_Northing: 10000000
      Planar_Coordinate_Information: 
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Row and Column
        Coordinate_Representation: 
          Abscissa_Resolution: 20
          Ordinate_Resolution: 20
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model: 
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
      Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 
  Overview_Description: 
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: none
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none
Distribution_Information: 
  Distributor: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: NOAA IRC
        Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
        Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: HI
        Postal_Code: 96818
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
      Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Distribution_Liability: These data are not to be used for navigational purposes.
    NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied,
    nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.
    NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors
    or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of
    these data to function on a particular system.
  Standard_Order_Process: 
    Digital_Form: 
      Digital_Transfer_Information: 
        Format_Name: Arc ASCII
        Format_Information_Content: Arc ASCII can be converted to Arc
          Raster using ArcToolbox Conversion Tools (ASCIItoRaster).
      Digital_Transfer_Option: 
        Online_Option: 
          Computer_Contact_Information: 
            Network_Address: 
              Network_Resource_Name: ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/benthichabitatlayers/Johnston_20m_BPIZones.rar
    Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information: 
  Metadata_Date: 20241215
  Metadata_Review_Date: 20101207
  Metadata_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: NOAA IRC
        Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
        Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: HI
        Postal_Code: 96818
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 808 725-5429
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov
      Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: Universal Time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
CoRIS: 
  CoRIS_ID: 20101207031726
  CoRIS_Children: None
  CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20060118
  CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20060123
  CoRIS_Metadata_Link: https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/johnston_20m_bpizones.html
  CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 6078