Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Originator: NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) Biogeography Branch Publication_Date: 20120601 Title: Predicted Habitat Suitability for All Mesophotic Corals in the Au'au Channel Region Online_Linkage: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/cms/data-by-location/main-hawaiian-islands/maui/optical/ Description: Abstract: This dataset is located between the islands of Maui, Lanai, Molokai and Kahoolawe, and includes the Au'au Channel as well as parts of the Kealaikahiki, Alalakeiki and Kalohi Channels. This map denotes predicted habitat suitability for all mesophotic corals in the Au'au Channel region. Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modeling software was used to create this ensemble model, which is an average of 10 model replicates. MaxEnt works by analyzing the distribution of environmental variables where species are present, so it can find other areas that meet all of the same environmental constraints. Georeferenced records containing information about mesophotic coral occurrence and environmental predictors describing the seafloors depth, vertical structure, available light, surface temperature, currents and distance from shoreline were used to train MaxEnt. Model performance and accuracy were assessed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Area Under the Curve (AUC) and a randomly chosen, spatially independent data subset. The average test AUC for this predictive ensemble model was 0.9, and the overall accuracy of this ensemble predictive model was 73.1% (when the habitat suitability threshold = 0.25). The habitat suitability threshold of 0.25 represents the sum of the maximum ROC sensitivity and specificity values. Extreme care should be taken when selecting a habitat suitability threshold because it affects the probability of correctly identifying the presence and absence of mesophotic corals. For more information describing how this predictive surface was developed and its limitations, please see the following website: https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/projects/detail?key=48 Purpose: This dataset describes the predicted distribution of all mesophotic corals in the Au'au Channel region in the Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI). Mesophotic hard corals are light-dependent corals adapted to the low light conditions at approximately 30 to 150 m in depth. Several physical factors potentially influence their spatial distribution, including aragonite saturation, alkalinity, pH, currents, water temperature, hard substrate availability and the availability of light at depth. Mesophotic corals and mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) have increasingly been the subject of scientific study because they are being threatened by a growing number of anthropogenic stressors. They are the focus of this spatial modeling effort because the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary (HIHWNMS) is exploring the expansion of its scope beyond the protection of the North Pacific Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae)to include the conservation and management of these ecosystem components. The present study helps to address this need by examining the distribution of mesophotic corals in the Au'au Channel region. Supplemental_Information: This map presents data published in the following report: Costa, B.M., M.S. Kendall, J. Rooney, M. Chow, J. Lecky, F.A. Parrish, A. Montgomery, R.C. Boland, and H. Spalding. 2012. Prediction of Mesophotic Coral Distributions in the Au'au Channel, Hawaii. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 149. Prepared by the NCCOS Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment Biogeography Branch. Silver Spring, MD. 44 pp., available on https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/projects/detail?key=48 Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20120208 Ending_Date: 20120208 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.155969 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -156.159430 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.089436 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 20.459897 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NCEI Geoportal Filter Theme_Keyword: CoRIS_Metadata Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CRCP Project Theme_Keyword: 467 Theme_Keyword: Benthic Habitat Mapping and Characterization in the Pacific Islands Region Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: Map Images > Habitats Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Photic Zone Corals Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Habitats Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Hard Coral Cover Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Mapping > Habitat Mapping Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Marine Protected Areas Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: biota Theme_Keyword: 002 Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: 007 Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: 014 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Maui Place_Keyword: Main Hawaiian Islands Place_Keyword: United States of America Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Auau Channel > AuAu Channel (20N156W0027) Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Maui Island (20N156W0004) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Maui Island (20N156W0004) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaiian Islands (21N157W0027) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Auau Channel > AuAu Channel (20N156W0027) Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region Place_Keyword: MHI Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: These data were prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. Any views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. No warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the U.S. Government as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Government in the use of these data or related materials. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: NOAA IRC Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96818 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/MHI_images/MAI_PredictedHardCoral_445.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Layout of data on background bathymetry Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Set_Credit: PIBHMC, CRED, PIFSC, NOAA, JIMAR, NCCOS, CCMA, and HMRG Security_Information: Security_Classification_System: Not applicable Security_Classification: Unclassified Security_Handling_Description: Not applicable Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: NOAA IRC Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96818 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: These data are not to be used for navigational purposes. NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: JPEG Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/optical/mai/MAI_PredictedHardCoral.jpg Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20190605 Metadata_Review_Date: 20120813 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: NOAA IRC Address: NMFS/PIFSC/CRED Address: 1845 WASP Blvd., Building 176 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96818 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808 725-5360 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nmfs.pic.credinfo@noaa.gov Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: Universal Time Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: None CoRIS: CoRIS_ID: 20120813093306 CoRIS_Children: None CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20120208 CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20120208 CoRIS_Metadata_Link: https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/mai_predictedhardcoral.html CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 6521