Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Sciences (NCCOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Biogeography Program Publication_Date: 200709 Title: NCCOS IKONOS Imagery for the Republic of Palau, 2003-2006 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Silver Spring, MD Publisher: NOAA's Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) Online_Linkage: http://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/collections/benthic/e102palau/default.aspx Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Sciences (NCCOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Biogeography Program Publication_Date: 200709 Publication_Time: Unknown Title: Mapping of Benthic Habitats for the Republic of Palau Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Online_Linkage: http://products.coastalscience.noaa.gov/collections/benthic/e102palau/default.aspx Description: Abstract: The National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Ocean Service (NOS) is tasked with the coral mapping element of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force (CRTF) under the authority of Executive Order 13089. NOS is responsible for coral reef mapping in Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, the Northwest Hawaiian Islands, the Main Eight Hawaiian Islands, and the U.S. Territories and Freely Associated States of the Pacific. Space Imaging, Inc (SI) and Analytical Laboratories of Hawaii, LLC (ALH) has produced GIS-compatible benthic habitat digital maps of the Republic of Palau using the classification scheme defined by NOAA. The map products produced through this project include baseline data of U.S. coral reefs, location of coral reef boundaries and overall coral reef cover, and the geomorphologic structure in and around coral reef systems. Maps include the 9 major and 23 detailed biological cover types, 4 major and 14 detailed geomorphological structure types, and 15 mutually exclusive zones specified in NOAA's hierarchical classification manual for coastal waters of the Republic of Palau. Benthic habitats are delineated from the coastline to water depths of 30 meters in GIS using manual interpretation techniques. NOAA utilizes IKONOS Multispectral (MSI) Satellite Imagery from Space Imaging, Inc., consisting of both newly acquired and archived imagery. The imagery consists of 1m panchromatic and 4m MSI with a horizontal accuracy of at least 5m CE95 at 1:4,800 National Map Accuracy Standard (NMAS). Once the imagery is processed, NOAA will use ALH's hand-digitize GIS approach to produce the benthic habitat maps at a minimum mapping unit of one acre, as well as NOAA's preferred random stratified accuracy assessment method. Purpose: Atmospheric correction removes atmospheric effects from the raw pansharpened data and retrieves surface reflectance, characterizing the surface properties, in order to improve the accuracy of image classification. Calibration coefficients for the satellite, provided by Space Imaging, were used to calculate at-satellite radiance, which was then transformed to reflectance. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 2003 Ending_Date: 2006 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Unknown Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: 134.091263 East_Bounding_Coordinate: 134.7520 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 8.2180 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 6.8537 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NCEI Geoportal Filter Theme_Keyword: CoRIS_Metadata Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CRCP Project Theme_Keyword: Freely Associated States Shallow Water Benthic Habitat Mapping Theme_Keyword: 1388 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Benthic Habitat Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Remote Sensing > Satellite (digital scans) > IKONOS Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: 014 Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: 007 Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: 010 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: NOS Data Explorer Topic Category Theme_Keyword: Remotely Sensed Imagery/Photos Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: Map Images > IKONOS Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Carolines > Palau ( Belau ) (07N134E0000) Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > Palau > Palau > Palau ( Belau ) (07N134E0000) Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Region Place_Keyword: Palau Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: None Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Services (NOS), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Biogeography Program Contact_Position: Biogeography Team Leader, Mapping Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 1305 East West Highway City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: MD Postal_Code: 20910 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3028 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-4384 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: tim.battista@noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: 0800-1700, Monday - Friday, EST Security_Information: Security_Classification_System: None Security_Classification: Unclassified Security_Handling_Description: None Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.2.1350 Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: All of the IKONOS imagery was purchased in National Imagery Transmission Format (NITF) with the associated Rational Polynomial Coefficients (RPCs or satellite ephemeris data). Raw satellite images were converted from Digital Numbers (DNs) to normalized reflectance. Normalized reflectance (or at-satellite reflectance) converts DNs into standardized, satellite-independent, comparable values. First developed for Landsat satellite imagery, the algorithm used to perform this conversion was modified for IKONOS image processing. As part of the conversion from DNs to at-satellite reflectance, the following equation is used (Green et al. 2000): R = pi * L/ (Eo cos(theta0) 1/r2) L = radiance (from calibration provided by Space Imaging). r = earth-sun distance in Astronomical Units. theta0 = the solar zenith angle Eo = the mean solar exo-atmospheric irradiance in each band. (A convolution of the spectral response and solar radiation from Neckel and Labs (1984) was used to get Eo.) The acquisition angles (ephemeris data) of the satellite relative to the ground at the time of image acquisition were also used. Calibration coefficients for the satellite, provided by Space Imaging, were used to calculate at-satellite radiance, which was then transformed to reflectance. The normalized reflectance imagery was then transformed into water reflectance (or the signal < 10 cm above the water surface). Water reflectance uses the near-infrared band to remove radiance attributed to atmospheric and surface effects (Stumpf et al. 2003). Water reflectance estimates how the signal (photons) received by the satellite is diminished as it passes through the atmosphere on the way down to the water-atmosphere boundary and on the way back up to the satellite after the signal leaves the water-atmosphere boundary. Water reflectance also estimates how the signal at the satellite is diminished by water vapor, clouds, specular effects at the water surface (wave surface glint), and other signal- absorbin Completeness_Report: Atmospherically corrected data in units of remote-sensing reflectance were delivered in Unsigned Integer 16-bit (BIP) PIX format with an associated header file that includes the lat/long information for every pixel projected in UTM WGS-84 (Zone 53N). Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The IKONOS Imagery consist of 1m panchromatic and 4m MSI with a horizontal accuracy of at least 5m CE95 at 1:4,800 National Map Accuracy Standard (NMAS) Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: All of the IKONOS imagery was purchased in National Imagery Transmission Format (NITF) with the associated Rational Polynomial Coefficients (RPCs or satellite ephemeris data). Raw satellite images were converted from Digital Numbers (DNs) to normalized reflectance. As part of the conversion from DNs to at-satellite reflectance, the following equation is used (Green et al. 2000): R = pi * L/ (Eo cos(theta0) 1/r2) L = radiance (from calibration provided by Space Imaging). r = earth-sun distance in Astronomical Units. theta0 = the solar zenith angle Eo = the mean solar exo-atmospheric irradiance in each band. (A convolution of the spectral response and solar radiation from Neckel and Labs (1984) was used to get Eo.) The acquisition angles (ephemeris data) of the satellite relative to the ground at the time of image acquisition were also used. Calibration coefficients for the satellite, provided by Space Imaging, were used to calculate at-satellite radiance, which was then transformed to reflectance. The normalized reflectance imagery was then transformed into water reflectance (or the signal less than 10 cm above the water surface). Water reflectance uses the near-infrared band to remove radiance attributed to atmospheric and surface effects (Stumpf et al. 2003). Water reflectance estimates how the signal (photons) received by the satellite is diminished as it passes through the atmosphere on the way down to the water-atmosphere boundary and on the way back up to the satellite after the signal leaves the water-atmosphere boundary. Water reflectance also estimates how the signal at the satellite is diminished by water vapor, clouds, specular effects at the water surface (wave surface glint), and other signal- absorbing and diffusing materials. Georeferencing/mosaicking of the imagery was performed using PCI OrthoEngine module. The NITF IKONOS imagery was orthorectified using the Rational Functions extracted from the NITF, then further supplemented with ground control collected via survey grade GPS and corrected for terrain displacement using the DEM's where available. When multiple scenes were available for a given area, these were collectively incorporated into the orthomosaic project through bundle adjustment. Each scene was exported as a separate orthorectified file for further image processing. In addition, the best segments of each scene were selected for creation of the final mosaic. Segments of each scene were selected to minimize sun glint, cloud interference, turbidity, etc. in the final mosaic. Where possible, parts of images obscured by sun glint or clouds were replaced with cloud/glint free parts of overlapping images. As a result, most mosaics have few or no clouds or sun glint obscuring bottom features. However, in some cases, clouds, sun glint, or turbid areas could not be replaced with overlapping imagery. In these areas, such obstructions were minimized but could not be eliminated completely. Process_Date: 2007 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Space Imaging Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 12076 Grant Street City: Thornton State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 80241 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301.552.0537 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301.552.3762 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: info@spaceimaging.com Hours_of_Service: M-F 0700-2300 EST Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 37709 Column_Count: 18194 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 53 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: 135.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Pansharpened Blue Entity_Type_Definition: Blue band of the atmospherically corrected, deglinted data (1m imagery) in remote sensing reflectance units Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Space Imaging Attribute: Attribute_Label: ObjectID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Value Attribute_Definition: Digital Number Attribute_Definition_Source: IKONOS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: 16 bits Attribute: Attribute_Label: Count Attribute_Definition: Digital Number Attribute_Definition_Source: IKONOS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: 16 bits Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Pansharpened Green Entity_Type_Definition: Green band of the atmospherically corrected, deglinted data (1m imagery) in remote sensing reflectance units Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Space Imaging Attribute: Attribute_Label: ObjectID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Value Attribute_Definition: Digital Number Attribute_Definition_Source: IKONOS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: 16 bits Attribute: Attribute_Label: Count Attribute_Definition: Digital Number Attribute_Definition_Source: IKONOS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: 16 bits Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: Pansharpened Red Entity_Type_Definition: Red band of the atmospherically corrected, deglinted data (1m imagery) in remote sensing reflectance units Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Space Imaging Attribute: Attribute_Label: ObjectID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Value Attribute_Definition: Digital Number Attribute_Definition_Source: IKONOS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: 16 bits Attribute: Attribute_Label: Count Attribute_Definition: Digital Number Attribute_Definition_Source: IKONOS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: 16 bits Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Biogeography Program Contact_Position: Biogeography Team Leader, Mapping Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 1305 East West Highway City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: MD Postal_Code: 20910 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 301-713-3028 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 301-713-4384 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: tim.battista@noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: 0800-1700 Monday - Friday EST Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: This data is provided by Space Imaging for the U.S. Department of Commerce, the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Ocean Service (NOS), the National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), and the Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA). The Government retains the exclusive rights to use, publish, and duplicate the original and derived products and data during the course of this contract. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information supplied herein, Space Imaging does not guarantee the accuracy of geographic features or attributes. Space Imaging cannot be held responsible for any errors or omissions and reserves the right to change the content of its data, including the products and services described therein, at any time; therefore, all Space Imaging and third party information is provided "AS IS". Space Imaging DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TOTHE INFORMATION (INLCUDING ANY SOFTWARE) PROVIDED, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. Space Imaging shall not be liable for any damages whatsoever, including any special, indirect, navigational, consequential, or incidental damages, or damages for lost profits, loss of revenue, or loss of use, arising out of access to, inablility to access, use or inability to use any Space Imaging mapping products or the information contained within them, whether such damages arise in contract, negligence, tort, under statute, in equity, at law, or otherwise. NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NODC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: JPEG2000 Format_Version_Number: 1 Format_Specification: Unknown Format_Information_Content: Satellite Imagery File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://cdn.coastalscience.noaa.gov/datasets/e102/wavesplash/Palau_Imagery_Tile_1.zip Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://cdn.coastalscience.noaa.gov/datasets/e102/wavesplash/Palau_Imagery_Tile_2.zip Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://cdn.coastalscience.noaa.gov/datasets/e102/wavesplash/Palau_Imagery_Tile_3.zip Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://cdn.coastalscience.noaa.gov/datasets/e102/wavesplash/Palau_Imagery_Tile_4.zip Offline_Option: Offline_Media: External hard drive Recording_Format: File transfer Fees: TBD Available_Time_Period: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2007 Time_of_Day: Unknown Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20200708 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Department of Commerce (DOC), National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS), Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), Biogeography Program Contact_Person: Tim Battista Contact_Position: Biogeography Team Leader, Mapping Manager Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 1305 East West Highway City: Silver Spring State_or_Province: MD Postal_Code: 20910 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 310-713-3028 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 310-713-4384 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: tim.battista@noaa.gov Hours_of_Service: 00800-1700, Monday - Friday EST Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 CoRIS: CoRIS_ID: 20080225053745 CoRIS_Children: None CoRIS_Beginning_Date: 20030101 CoRIS_Ending_Date: 20061231 CoRIS_Metadata_Link: https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/nccos_ikonos_imagery_palau_2003-06.html CoRIS_Tracking_ID: 687