Kent K. Hathaway - U.S. Army Corps. of Engineers, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
Stan Boc - U.S. Army Corps. of Engineers, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
Unknown
Wave and Current Data from Kuhio Bay in Hilo, Hawaii March through June 2007 (NODC Accession 0050188)
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0050188
Field data collection was conducted for the U.S. Army Engineer District,
Pacific Ocean, Honolulu (POH), during 21 March through 7 June 2007, in
Kuhio Bay of Hilo, Hawaii (Big Island). Wave and current data were collected
at three fixed locations using bottom-mounted RD Instruments Workhorse, 1.2 MHz,
ADCPs (Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers). One of the instruments, located
closest to the open ocean, included wave measurements. Of the other two
units, one lost battery power on 7 April.
Four inexpensive current drogues (drifters) were designed and built at the
CHL Field Research Facility (FRF) that used GPS tracking and radio telemetry
for positioning. Deployments were made on 22-23 March, 5-6 June, and 6-7
June.
Learn of current and wave patterns in the bay for harbor maintenance
and design considerations.
NOAASupplemental:
Entry_ID: Unknown
Sensor_Name: Teledyne RD Instruments 1200 kHz Workhorse moored ADCP
Sensor_Name: CHL Field Research Facility drogue drifters
Source_Name: moorings
Project_Campaign: USACE Kuhio Bay Current Study, Hilo, HI
Storage_Medium: ASCII, Matlab, MS Word
Reference: None
Online_size: 260769 kbytes
Resource Description: NODC Accession Number 0050188
20070321
20070607
ground condition
None Planned
-155.09
-155.06
19.74
19.73
NCEI Geoportal FilterCoRIS_Metadata
None
physical data
coastal data
coral reef ecosystems
u-component current velocity
v-component current velocity
w-component current velocity
current speed
current direction
acoustic backscatter
temperature
depth
wave height
wave direction
wave dominant period
wave spectrum
wave directional spectrum
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
014
CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus
Numeric Data Sets > Oceanography
CoRIS Theme Thesaurus
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Waves > Wave Height
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Waves > Wave Direction
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Waves > Wave Period
EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Ocean Circulation > Ocean Currents
None
Pacific Ocean
Hawaiian Islands
Big Island
Hilo
Kuhio Bay
CoRIS Place Thesaurus
OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003)
COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003)
CoRIS Region
MHI
None
water column, surface to 5 m
None
Dataset credit required
Kent K. Hathaway
Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, Field Research Facility, USACE
Research Oceanographer
mailing and physical
U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
1261 Duck Road
Kitty Hawk
NC
27949
USA
(252) 261-6840 (x224)
(252) 261-4432
Kent.K.Hathaway@usace.army.mil
Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, Field Research Facility
POH District of the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
The field data collection study of the Kuhio Bay, Hilo, Hawaii
was performed for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Pacific Ocean,
Honolulu (CEPOH) with support from the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development
Center (ERDC), Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory's (CHL) Field Research
Facility (FRF).
ASCII, Matlab, MS Word
see Process Step
The sets were 100% complete
ADCP Gauges:
The ADCP gauges were RD Instruments 1200 kHz Workhorse, bottom mounted facing
upward with the sensor head approximately 0.45 m off the bottom. Figure 2
shows the custom built mount that was held to the bottom with about 95 lbs of
lead weight. These gauges have four acoustic transducers for measuring
currents and a pressure sensor, from which horizontal and vertical current
profiles were computed at 0.2 m vertical spacing. Unit-1 sampled at 2 Hz for
directional wave measurements. Each hourly wave burst was approximately 34
minute long, starting at the top of each hour, and consisted of 4096 points.
There is a 0.44 m blanking distance from the transducer head, and with a 0.2 m
bin width this makes the first sample 0.72 m past the transducer, or about
1.12 m off the bottom. Current profiles were collected every 10 minutes from
a 200 point average.
Deployments were on 21 Mar 2007 and retrieved on 5 Jun 2007. All three ADCPs
were believed to have "Waves" firmware installed prior to deployment but
two were found on site to be only capable of current measurements. ADCP-1,
closest to the entrance was selected for wave and current collection, the
other two only collected currents. Visual observations of waves at ADCP sites
2 and 3, and analysis of data collected at 1, indicate that typical wave
heights at sites 2 and 3 were too low (often < 0.4m) for reliable
directional wave estimates to be made with these instruments. ADCP-3
operated only 20 days before the batteries were depleted on 7 April. That
unit may have been damaged during shipping.
Wave spectra were computed using the RDI WavesMon v2.1 analysis
program. This package computes non-directional spectra from three different
parameters; the subsurface orbital velocity, the surface detection signal, and
the pressure sensor (VSpec, SSpec, and PSpec respectively). The velocity data
are used to compute directional spectra. The WavesMon program outputs ASCII
files for each spectra (4 per hourly collection) which are reprocessed using
the FRF ADCP analysis programs that combines the three non-directional spectra
into a single files and reformats the directional spectra files. The FRF
programs also extracts the current profile data, computes various parameters
like vertically integrated currents and QC information on the wave analysis.
Spectral processing was done on 4096 point (~34 minute) records, band averaged
to 128 frequency points, and directional spectra with 90 directional bins.
WavesMon program corrected data for instrument tilt and current Doppler
shifted the wave frequency. Additional processing with the FRF package
computes QC parameters like spectral signal to noise ratio(SN, log_10 of the
ratio), and ratios of surface corrected Hmo values from the three spectra
(VSpec, SSpec, and PSpec). It is left up to the user to decide what values
to reject data, but typically a SN of less than 2, or Hmo ratios less than 0.8
or more than 1.2 may be suspect.
Current Drogues:
Four inexpensive current drogues (drifters) were designed and built at the CHL
Field Research Facility (FRF) that used GPS tracking and radio telemetry for
positioning. They were constructed with off the shelf plumbing supplies (PVC
pipe, vertical risers, rubber unions, hose clamps), a Garmin Geko GPS
receivers, and MaxStream (model XStream-PKG-R) radio modems (Figure 4). The
sails were approximately one meter in cross-section. The lower vertical PCV
pipe (submerged) contained the modem and batteries, the upper horizontal pipe
contained the GPS receiver, radio antenna, and LED light. A NEMA GPS data
string was transmitted by the GPS to a custom circuit that added a buoy
identifier the NEMA string and retransmitted to the FR modem every 20 seconds.
Each buoy radio transmission was separated in time by 2s so radio collisions
were avoided. Each Garmin GCP unit internally recorded positions every 5
seconds. These GPS units were WAAS enabled and have a horizontal accuracy of
about ~2 m. Radio reception required line of sight, which was not always
available, and transmission were often missed. The realtime transmitted
signals were only used to buoy retrieval, the internally recorded data was
used for analysis.
Drogue Track Processing:
Current speed and direction were computed from the 30-second internally
recorded coordinates. These coordinates are recorded to 3 significant decimal
places in lat/lon minutes, or about 2m which is near the WAAS accuracy. To
reduce errors and clean up the data these coordinates were smoothed with a
5-minute phase preserving band-averaging filter. Another technique sometimes
used for filtering the data is to polynomial fit the points, which provides a
smoother estimate but for these tracks the band-averaging method worked best.
The band-averaged method was used on all drogue tracks after removing obvious
bad data points. Speed and direction values were computed between each
filtered data point, with time and position averaged between adjacent points.
This resulted in estimated values every 50-s, unless there was a data gap, of
which there were few.
INSTRUMENT TYPES:
bottom-fixed ADCP with depth, temperature, and wave sensors
drifters
REFERENCES:
Similar instruments and procedures are described in:
Hathaway, K. K and S. Boc, 2008. Field Data Collection Study Final
Report: Natatorium Current Study, Waikiki, HI. U.S. Army Engineering
POH District, Honolulu, HI., ERDC/CHL TR-08. 55p.
Unknown
Kent K. Hathaway
Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, Field Research Facility, USACE
Research Oceanographer
mailing and physical
U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
1261 Duck Road
Kitty Hawk
NC
27949
USA
(252) 261-6840 (x224)
(252) 261-4432
Kent.K.Hathaway@usace.army.mil
DIRECTORY ORGANIZATION, FILE NAMES AND FORMATS:
Note: all times are in UTC
within ../data/
0-data/ : This directory contains the original set of directories and files
1-data/ : Directories and files prepared by NODC (such files are
prepared if original formats are non-proprietary)
Contents of 0-data/:
Directory hilo/:
file: comments:
Hilo.analysis-1.doc MS Word document: draft technical report
subdirectorys in hilo/
subdirectory: adcp1/
files:
HI040.sum.20070322-20070605.txt
HI040adc_20070322_20070608.meta
comment:
Deployment summaries from instrument configuration files
file:
HI040adc_vac_2007_mm.txt (mm=month, ie, 03, 04, 05, 06)
comment:
Vertically averaged current (VAC) by month. Uave = positive going
eastward (mm/s), Vave = positive going north (mm/s).
file:
HI040adc_wmo_2007_03_22.log
comment:
WavesMon format number 5, as follows
Updated with each burst of waves data.
Ascii text, comma or space delimited line for each burst of data.
Like Format 3 only it outputs a full resolution profile.
Burst#,YY,MM,DD,HH,mm,ss,cc,Hs(m),Tp(s),Dp(deg),Depth(mm),Hmax
(m),Tmean(s),bins,depthlevel1Magnitude(m/s),depthlevel1Direction(deg),...,
depthlevelNMagnitude(m/s),depthlevelNDirection(deg)
Symbols:
YY Year
MM Month
DD Day
HH Hour
mm Minute
ss Second
cc 1/100ths seconds
Hs Significant Wave Height = 4*sqrt(area under the power spectrum)
Tp Peak period = Wave period associated with the
largest peak in the power spectrum
Dp Peak Direction = peak direction at the peak period.
file:
readAdcpDSpec.m
comment:
Matlab code snippet to read directional wave spectra files (DSpec/).
file:
HI040.2007mm.asc
comment:
(mm: month)
Current velocity, full profile. See header in file for parameter list.
file:
HI040.2007mm.hdr
comment:
header for the corresponding *.asc file
1st record: number of bins (36)
2nd record: depth (cm) above and below mean water column depth corresponding
to each bin. Mean water water column depth is defined as the averaged
pressure signal over the entire deployment.
3rd record: start date and time
4th record: end date and time
Note, although file says EST, time is UTC
subdirectory: adcp1/Dspec
comment:
Wave directional spectra files (reformatted) from RDI WavesMon program. One file
for each hour. See the Matlab code snippet readAdcpDSpec.m. Units are m^2/Hz/Deg.
Filename example: DSpec.HIAD1.200508092100.UTC.asc comment: Directional spectra
for 9 August 2005 at 2100 UTC (NOTE: some files have "EST", instead
of "UTC", although all data are relative to UTC.
subdirectory adcp1/Fspec
comment:
Non-directional ADCP spectra, one file each hour
Filename example: VSPspec.Hiad4.200704281200.UTC.asc (if EST, then Eastern
Standard Time) This example is for 28 Apr 2007 at 1200 UTC.
Format:
Columnar ASCII spectra from ADCP Velocity, Surface, and Pressure (VSP).
Energy units are m^2/Hz/Deg, And frequency is in Hz.
subdirectory adcp1/Stats
comment:
wave and current statistics files by month (03=Mar, 04=Apr, etc.)
file:
HI040adc_cur_2007_mm_pfl.mat
comment:
(by month, mm)
Matlab format current profile data
Variables:
Uave1 = vertically averaged east current (mm/s)
Vave1 = vertically averaged north current (mm/s)
Ux1 = east current profile (cm/s)
Vx1= north current profile (cm/s)
depth = nominal depth of center of each bin
stime = Matlab time format
ASCII text files of all parameters in ../data/1-data/hilo/adcp1/Stats
file:
HI040adc_ULcur_2007_mm.mat
(by month, mm)
comment:
Matlab format current profile data, see Matlab_Description_ULcur_files.txt
ASCII text files of all parameters in ../data/1-data/hilo/adcp1/Stats
file:
HI010adc_wmo_2007_mm_UTC.txt
comment:
Wave and current profiles, file by month, mm, columnar ASCII, one line per wave
collection, space delimited. Format follows:
Burst# YY MM DD HH mm ss cc Hs(m) Tp(s) Dp(deg) Depth(mm) Hmax(m)
Tmean(s) bins depthlevel1Magnitude(m/s) depthlevel1Direction(deg)
depthlevelNMagnitude(m/s) depthlevelNDirection(deg)
Symbols:
YY Year
MM Month
DD Day
HH Hour
mm Minute
ss Second
cc 1/100ths seconds
Hs Significant Wave Height = 4*sqrt(area under the power spectrum)
Tp Peak period = Wave period associated with the largest peak
in the power spectrum
Dp Peak Direction = peak direction at the peak period.
subdirectorys in hilo/
subdirectory: adcp2/ see descriptions above for directory adcp1
Note: in adcp2, only one subdirectory, Stats, as described in adcp1/Stats
There are no wave data from adcp2.
subdirectorys in hilo/
subdirectory: adcp3/ see descriptions above for directory adcp1, note
data only available for March 22 - April 7. No wave data. For file
HI050adc_vacSD_2007_03.txt, same as VAC file description under adcp1/
except includes speed and direction.
subdirectorys in hilo/
subdirectory: drogue/
comment:
GPS drogue (drifter) data, 21-23 Mar and 5-7 Jun.
file:
gpsFilt-Hiloddmmmyy.dat
comment:
(ddmmyy: day month year) Drogue data, columnar ASCII, with UTC
time and Latitude and longitude minutes (north from Lat 19
degrees N and Lon 155 degrees W). These data were computed from
the original recorded data (5s interval), had wild points
removed, decimated and filtered. The last two columns are drogue
speed (m/s) and direction going towards (degrees positive
clockwise from north).
None
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https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0050188
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20210106
20090826
Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell
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Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison
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Dept. of Oceanography
University of Hawaii at Manoa
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20070607
https://www.coris.noaa.gov/metadata/records/html/nodc_fgdc_metadata_0050188.html
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