Only recently has information become available concerning the abundance of nonindigenous species in Hawaiian waters. Maciolek (1984) listed 19 species of diadromous and marine fishes to be present in Hawaiian waters, which was increased to 21 marine species by Randall (1987), about 4% of a total of 536 Hawaiian shore fish species (Randall 1992). Carlton and Eldredge (in prep.) reviewed the marine and brackish water invertebrates of Hawaiói and determined approximately 205 species to be demonstrably or potentially nonindigenous, again about 4% of the approximate 5000 marine species estimated for Hawaiói (Allison et al. 1995). Approximately 18 species of macroalgae have been introduced to Hawaiói since 1950 (Russell 1992, Rogers 1997, 1999), again about 4% of the approximately 430 estimated total macroalgal species for Hawaiói (G. Smith, pers. comm.). Baseline studies of Hawaiian nearshore marine biota directed toward the detection of introduced species and their impact have shown that nonindigenous introductions vary substantially from these average values, depending on the characteristics of the area surveyed. The most comprehensive survey conducted to date, a 1996 survey completed in Pearl Harbor (Coles et al. 1997; 1999), found 95 known or potentially nonindigenous species, which composed 23% of the 419 invertebrates, macroalgae, and fishes found. Only three nonindigenous invertebrates and one nonidigenous fish occurred at Midway Atoll in 1997 out of a total 444 taxa found (DeFelice et al. 1998). No nonindigenous algae or invertebrates were found in the nearshore and intertidal of Kahoóolawe Island in 1998 out of a total of 298 species observed or collected (Coles et al. 1998). Despite the potential importance of Honolulu Harbor or other commercial harbors on Oahu as potential gateways for nonindigenous marine species to enter the Hawaiian marine ecosystem, no studies have previously been conducted of introduced species in Hawaiian commercial harbors, and little information is available for the composition of the marine communities for these harbors. Therefore, surveys were conducted in Honolulu Harbor and Keehi Lagoon in 1997, and in Kewalo Basin, the Ala Wai Yacht Harbor and the Barbers Point Deep Draft Harbor in 1998. The results of this study are reported herein and the presence and impact of nonindigenous marine introductions in these harbors are evaluated
To examine introduced marine species and the composition of marine communities in Hawaiian commercial harbors.
Studies of nonindigenous introductions in stream mouths along Oahuós south and west shores and a evaluation of the role of hull fouling, ballast water and sediments as vectors for marine introductions were conducted as part of this overall project and will be reported in separate reports. Resource Description: NODC Accession Number 0000324
ground condition
The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS; https://www.itis.gov/index.html) was utilized as an aid to complete upper level species classifications FOR THIS RECORD ONLY. Additional taxomic resources include: Bishop Museum webite (https://www.bishopmuseum.org/); MarLIN is an initiative of the Marine Biological Association of the UK in collaboration with major holders and users of marine biological data (http://www.marlin.ac.uk/index2.htm?demo/Litcor.htm); The Tree of Life is a collaborative web project, produced by biologists from around the world. On more than 2600 World Wide Web pages, the Tree of Life provides information about the diversity of organisms on Earth, their history, and characteristics (http://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html); Australian Opheliidae (Polychaeta) DELTA database (http://www.museum.vic.gov.au/poly/ophitems.html); European register of Marine Species (http://erms.biol.soton.ac.uk/lists/brief/Polychaeta.shtml); CRUSTACEANS OF THE CNMI (http://www.crm.gov.mp/marine/biodiversity/crusties/crust.htm); Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification (http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Main/Classification/..%5C..%5C..%5CMain%5CClassification%5C15265.htm); Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce (http://www.sms.si.edu/IRLSpec/aspecies2.htm); Cephalaspidea from around the world (http://www.medslugs.de/Opi/CEPHALASPIDEA.htm): Sea slug forum (http://www.seaslugforum.net/species.htm); A Biotic Database of Indo-Pacific Marine Mollusks (http://data.acnatsci.org/obis/); The Academy of Natural Sciences: Online collections databases (http://erato.acnatsci.org/databases/index.php): The Amphipod Homepage (http://web.odu.edu/sci/biology/amphome/index.html): The Dutch Ascidians Homepage (http://www.ascidians.com/). *Although every effort is made at the NODC to insure accuracy of the taxonomy contained in this metadata record, information is provided as an aid to search engines and is not designed to serve as a definitive taxonomic guide.* Notes are included in this metadata record where the originator spelling differs from that as given by ITIS. NO ORIGINAL DATA IS ALTERED AT THE NODC.
Specimens collected were sorted and identified to species or the lowest practicable taxa, using dissecting or compound microscope magnification when necessary.
Identified to species or the lowest practicable taxa.
Dataset credit required. The Bishop Museum and/or the National Oceanographic Data Center would appreciate recognition as the resource from which these data were obtained in any publications and/or other representations of these data.
1525 Bernice Street
Phone/mail to Bishop Museum
Dr. Steve Coles, Ralph C. Felice, and Dr. Lu Eldredge
Literature Search- A variety of sources of information on the environmental conditions and biological communities of the harbors on the south shore of Oahu were examined. Literature consulted included published papers in the open scientific literature, taxonomy-based monographs and books, unpublished reports for environmental studies in the harbors, and newspaper and magazine articles that were concerned with the development or environmental and biological communities of the harbors. Resources that were consulted in this search were the libraries of Bishop Museum, the University of Hawaii, and the Pacific Maritime Center. Environmental reports and Environmental Impact Statements and Assessments were reviewed from the University of Hawaiói Environmental Center, the Hawaiian Electric Co. Environmental Department and AECOS Inc. An annotated bibliography of all the literature assembled is presented in Appendix B of the main report included in this data set. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Collections - Bishop Museum collections databases for algae, invertebrates, malacology and ichthyology were reviewed for all marine or estuarine organisms indicated to have been collected in Honolulu Harbor, Keehi Lagoon, Kewalo Basin, the Ala Wai Yacht Harbor or the Barbers Point Deep Draft Harbor. The retrieved data were assembled into a combined database for Oahu south shore harbors (other than Pearl Harbor) containing taxa identity, taxonomic authority, collection location and date, collector and collectors notes, when available. This information is included with the general listing of all taxa for the study developed from all sources and presented in Appendix C of the main report included in this data set. Data Analysis - All organisms identified from the current field study were entered on an Access database relational with the databases for previous literature reports and museum collections of organisms from Pearl Harbor. The combined information was used to track the occur
See methodology section for details. No specific issues described in data report.
See the methodology section of the original data report for a specific diagram and details on the creation of this data set.
1315 East-West Highway, SSMC3, 4th Floor
Phone/e-mail/FAX/voice mail message
NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NODC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.
Original document files in Microsoft Word with accompanying EXCEL spreadsheet tables, redundant .txt files. This data set consists of a multi-page study report with accompanying captioned maps and diagrams of station locations and methodologies, and multiple tables and appendices. Accompanying original data is contained in EXCEL spreadsheets.
Contact NODC via e-mail/phone/letter for a custom order.
Contact the NODC User Services Group via phone/FAX/E-mail: nodc.services@noaa.gov
1315 East-West Highway, E/OC1, SSMC3, 4th Floor
E-mail, phone, FAX, mail
