BPI Zones are derived from a focal mean analysis on bathymetry and slope. The grid is based on gridded (10 m cell size) multibeam bathymetry, collected aboard R/V AHI and bathymetry derived from multispectral IKONOS satellite imagery. It was created using the Benthic Terrain Modeler (http://www.csc.noaa.gov/products/btm/). Cell values represent one of 4 classes (crest, depression, flat, slope) in an index of seafloor terrains. This data set is for Wake Island, West Central Pacific.
The data were derived in support of NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program goals. Goal 1 is to map all U.S. Coral Reef Ecosystems. This data set specifically addresses Objective 1 and 4: to develop high-resolution benthic maps and to characterize priority deep water reefs and associated habitats. This derivative of bathymetry provides a GIS layer that may be used for benthic and essential fish habitat characterization, and for the study of geologic features. By combining the dataset with bathymetry, backscatter, other derivatives, and in situ data, they collectively compose benthic habitat maps which are designed to be used to understand and predict moderate depth (~20m - 150m) benthic habitats for different organisms that inhabit coral reef ecosystems.
Multibeam data were collected aboard the NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai, a 218' United States National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration research ship. The NOAA Ship Hiialakai's survey sensors include a 30 kHz Simrad EM300 sonar and a 300 kHz Simrad EM3002d sonar, which provide bathymetry and imagery data, a TSS/Applanix POS/MV Model 320, which measures position,velocity, attitude and heading, and a Seabird SBE 9/11 plus CTD used to measure sound velocity profiles. Multibeam data were also collected aboard the R/V AHI (Acoustic Habitat Investigator), a 25' survey launch owned and operated by the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center in Honolulu, HI. The R/V AHI's survey sensors include a 240 kHz RESON 8101-ER sonar providing bathymetry and imagery data, a TSS/Applanix POS/MV Model 320 which measures position, velocity, attitude and heading, and a Seabird SBE 19 CTD used to measure sound velocity profiles. The metadata for the bathymetry is documented in the product metadata, Wake_10m.asc. References: Lundblad et al., 2006, A benthic terrain classification scheme for American Samoa, Marine Geodesy, 29(2):89 - 111. http://www.csc.noaa.gov/products/btm/
ground condition
These data are not to be used for navigation purposes. Please acknowledge the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) and the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center, and the Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (JIMAR) and School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawaii as the sources of this information.
http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/PRIAs_images/Wake_10m_BPIZones_440.jpg
NOAA PIFSC CRED PIBHMC, JIMAR, and SOEST
Data are collected for resource management and research purposes and are tested for internal consistency; however, no effort is made to compare these data to external references or to other published data.
These data are believed to be logically consistent though no tests were performed
Complete
Horizontal positioning system: GPS C/A Horizontal position accuracy: 25 meters
Range resolution of sonar: varies with depth Raw sounding resolution: varies with depth Vertical accuracy of gridded product ~ 1% of water depth
Bathymetric Position Index Zones were derived from the gridded multibeam bathymetry (Wake_10m.asc) using the Benthic Terrain Modeler (BTM). The BTM (written for ArcGIS 8.x or 9.x) may be downloaded from http://dusk2.geo.orst.edu/djl/samoa/tools.html. BPI Zones are derived from a focal mean analysis on bathymetry and slope. After testing 5 experimental scales, the bpi with scalefactor 250 was chosen based on the diameter of reef structures seen in the bathymetry (also after Lundblad et al. 2006; see Supplemental_Information). Two ranges of slope defined flats and slopes: x < 5 and 5 < x < 70.
none
NOAA IRC
NMFS/PIFSC/CRED
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These data are not to be used for navigational purposes. NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.
Arc ASCII can be converted to Arc Raster using ArcToolbox Conversion Tools (ASCIItoRaster).
